"If the enemy is in range, so are you." — Infantry Journal
"It is generally inadvisable to eject directly over the area you just bombed." — US Air Force Manual
"Whoever said the pen is mightier than the sword, obviously never encountered automatic weapons." — General MacArthur
"You, you, and you ... Panic. The rest of you, come with me." — U.S. Marine Corp Gunnery Sgt.
"Tracers work both ways." — U.S. Army Ordnance Manual
"Five second fuses only last three seconds." — Infantry Journal
The three most useless things in aviation are: Fuel in the bowser; Runway behind you; and Air above you. — Basic Flight Training Manual
"Any ship can be a minesweeper. Once." — Maritime Ops Manual
"Never tell the Platoon Sergeant you have nothing to do." — Unknown Marine Recruit
"If you see a bomb technician running, try to keep up with him." — USAF Ammo Troop
"You've never been lost until you"ve been lost at Mach 3." — Paul F. Crickmore (SR71 test pilot)
"The only time you have too much fuel is when you're on fire." —Unknown Author
"If the wings are traveling faster than the fuselage it has to be a helicopter — and therefore, unsafe." — Fixed Wing Pilot
"When one engine fails on a twin-engine airplane, you always have enough power left to get you to the scene of the crash." — Multi-Engine Training Manual
"Without ammunition, the USAF is just an expensive flying club." — Unknown Author
"If you hear me yell; 'Eject, Eject, Eject!,' the last two will be echos. If you stop to ask 'Why?' you"ll be talking to yourself, because you're the pilot." — Pre-flight Briefing from a 104 Pilot
"What is the similarity between air traffic controllers and pilots? If a pilot screws up, the pilot dies; but If ATC screws up, .... the pilot dies." — Sign over Control Tower Door
"Never trade luck for skill." — Author Unknown
"Airspeed, altitude and brains. Two are always needed to successfully complete the flight." — Basic Flight Training Manual
"Mankind has a perfect record in aviation — we have never left one up there!" — Unknown Author
"Flying the airplane is more important than radioing your plight to a person on the ground incapable of understanding or doing anything about it." — Emergency Checklist
"The Piper Cub is the safest airplane in the world; it can just barely kill you." — Attributed to Max Stanley (Northrop test pilot)
"There is no reason to fly through a thunderstorm in peacetime." — Sign over Squadron Ops Desk at Davis-Montham AFB, AZ
"If something hasn't broken on your helicopter, it's about to." — Sign over Carrier Group Operations Desk
"You know that your landing gear is up and locked when it takes full power to taxi to the terminal." — Lead-in Fighter Training Manual
As the test pilot climbs out of the experimental aircraft, having torn off the wings and tail in the crash landing, the crash truck arrives. The rescuer sees a bloodied pilot and asks, "What happened?" The pilot"s reply: "I don't know, I just got here."
Just a place to hang out since we can't all go to Carney Park or the Teen Club or the Outdoor Theater or AFSouth Beach or the Cove or the Galleria Umberto or the Pizzacatta or Edenlandia or....
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
FSHSQUICKIEGRAM 27 April 2010
Ciao, Wildcatti!
A "quickie"-GRAM to give a final heads-up for two May reunions.
27th ANNUAL FSHS PIG ROAST
Live music and a suckling (sucking?) pig!! Now, that's entertainment!
8 May, at Ray Lee's house, 3827 Deer Path Road, Suffolk, VA
Open to all classes, Ray says: "We will have a record-breaking attendance this year!"
Contact Ray at: Charlie.r.lee@navy.mil
FSHS WILDCATS OLD FARTS REUNION
14-16 May, at Fort Story (near Virginia Beach), Virginia.
Classes of 1952-1958. If you're that old and interested, please contact:
Phil "Filippo" Pasqualino, FSHS 55
ppasqualino@cox.net
757-481-2647
WHERE'S WALDA? LOOKING FOR A WAYWARD WILDCAT
Debbie Dunn (Debbiedunn@aol.com / FSHS 68) is looking to link up with Walda Monje, also class of 1968. Anyone with info, please let Debbie know. Grazie.
That's it...told you it was a "quickie"! But, slave to tradition, I've got a Napoli News installment, below.
Saluti!
Scott T FSHS 68
Napoli News
Italian Mafia raid bowling arena in Naples caught on CCTV
23 April, 2010 | 13:42
Shocking images of a raid by the men of an Italian Mafia boss at a bowling alley and arcade at the Italian city of Naples. Men armed with AK47 machine guns, sawn-off shot guns and pistols raided a bowling alley split arcade last month in Naples Italy wrecking havoc while customers were still inside.
It is thought that the men belonged to Italian God Father, Giuseppe Palumbo who believes the owner of the bowling alley is hiding his runaway wife.
The bowling alleys CCTV captured the whole incident in which six men, all believed to be in the medium hierarchy of the Camorra clan, forced employees to the ground and pointed guns to their heads.
One member of the armed fiends even set the bowling alley alight with petrol while a family of four including two teenage girls were watching on the side alley.
The father who saw the alley being set alight took his wife and teenage girls and fled the scene.
The masked men shot at slot machines right beside frightened customers and knocked them over. It has also been reported they shot a man outside the parking lot of the alley while he saw what was going on and tried to flee the area.
The bullet which entered the man's thigh just missed a main artery. It is said that the man is now recovering at home but is very traumatised by the incident.
The mobsters then left the scene and attacked a casino just 18 minutes later, though the reason for that attack is unknown.
The footages emerged after Italian paramilitary police, raided the houses of gang members thought to have been involved in the attack which took place on 14 March.
An Italian police spokesman said “The attacks are due to a personal dispute between boss Giuseppe Palumbo, Don Gennaro the bowling alley owner and his niece who is also the wife of the Mafia boss, the mafia bossbelieved that the owner of the bowling alley was hiding Palumbo's wife after she separated from him.”
Two of the armed fiends are still on the run but four members of the gangs will be charged with attempted murder, kidnapping, robbery, arson, causing financial damage and possession of military weapons.
Napoli 0-0 Cagliari: Neapolitans' Champions League Dreams Wither In Naples
Even a Europa League spot might be difficult now for Napoli.
By Subhankar Mondal
Apr 25, 2010 10:53:00 AM
Napoli's hopes of qualifying for the Champions League next season were dealt another blow when they were held to a 0-0 draw by Cagliari at the Stadio San Paolo in Naples on Sunday afternoon. Palermo's win against Milan on Saturday night and Juventus' victory over Bari on Sunday imply that the Neapolitans may have to struggle for even a Europa League spot.
Napoli coach Walter Mazzarri started in a 3-4-2-1 formation with German Denis as the lone striker upfront with Marek Hamsik and Ezequiel Lavezzi playing just behind him. Visitors Cagliari commenced in a 4-4-2 formation with Alessandro Matri and Joaquin Larrivey as the two men in attack.
The first real chance of the game fell to Napoli as early as the fourth minute when Michele Pazienza put in a good ball for Denis, whose attempt was deflected off for a corner by Cagliari goalkeeper Federico Marchetti.
Seven minutes later the home side again got into the action; this time Hamsik tried to beat Marchetti from the right edge of the Cagliari penalty area but the ball was again deflected for a corner. It was Walter Gargano who gave the pass to the Slovakian international midfielder.
On 15 minutes Denis took a shot on the Cagliari goal from outside the penalty box but it was saved by Marchetti. A minute later Pazienza put Hamsik through but the 22-year-old's left-footed shot from outside the area missed the target.
Cagliari were finding it tough to take the game to Napoli but the Sardinians did come close on 19 minutes. Alessandro Agostini crafted in a cross that Matri tried to turn in from the centre of the Napoli penalty box with his left foot but his attempt went wide to the left.
The Neapolitans were dealt a blow on 26 minutes when forward Lavezzi had to be substituted by Mariano Bogliacino.
Cagliari had a half-chance of their own three minutes after the half hour mark when Matri headed the ball towards Andrea Lazzari, but his right-footed shot from a close range went high.
Ten minutes before half time the Azzurri again crafted a chance. Pazienza put in a diagonal ball to Denis, who then took a shot at the Cagliari goal but was again thwarted by Marchetti.
A minute later the Cagliari goalkeeper pulled off another great save when he saved a fantastic Denis header from a corner. Two minutes later on 38 minutes the 27-year-old again stopped Napoli from breaking the deadlock when he made a good save from a Walter Gargano attempt. It finished 0-0 at the break.
The second half started on a slow tempo with neither side able to take the initiative in the opening exchanges.
Then on 56 minutes Napoli created the first chance of the second session when Juan Zuniga put Bogliacino through on goal but the first-half substitute's shot from outside the Cagliari penalty box was saved.
Two minutes after the hour mark Hamsik put in a great central ball for Denis but the Napoli targetman couldn't get to it, or else it could have been a goal for Mazzarri's side.
Marchetti was again called into action in the 65th minute when he made a double-save, first from Hamsik and then from Bogliacino.
Cagliari's first real attempt on goal came on 70 minutes when Andrea Lazzari put in a cross into the Napoli penalty area. But Nene's header from the centre of the box was blocked.
Things became difficult for Cagliari when Andrea Cossu was shown a direct red card on 79 minutes. He had come on for Andrea Lazzari in the 73rd minute and was given the marching orders for violent conduct.
It could have turned worse for Cagliari in the 81st minute when Napoli created a good chance. Zuniga found himself with the ball on the right side of the Cagliari penalty area but he couldn't eventually do anything with the chance.
The final minutes trickled down with no real chance being created by the Neapolitans. It finished 0-0 between Napoli and Cagliari in Naples.
Fitness Program Finds a Following
By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class (SW/AW) Felicito Rustique, Naval Public Affairs Support Element East Detachment Europe
Apr 24, 2010 - 9:37:27 AM
NAPLES, Italy - Naval Support Activity Naples Fitness Forum's Spouse Fit for Life program is assisting family members with getting into shape and staying healthy.
The 10-week program began in March and boasts a membership of nearly 70 individuals, something program facilitators said is beyond their expectations.
"I am thrilled with the enrollment," said Fitness Forum's Fitness Coordinator, Carrie Ann Hodge. "This is the first program of its kind here in Naples and we're learning as we go. But we had no idea that the program would be this successful."
Spouse Fit member Christine Smith said the program is well-deserved.
"I am happy that the base decided to recognize that spouses need programs too," said Smith. "We have limited choices and seem to find everything geared to the service member so having a program geared to the special needs of a spouse takes away a great deal of the stresses involved with living overseas."
The Spouse Fit program was initiated when family members of hospital corpsmen from U.S. Naval Hospital Naples began attending their spouse's physical training routines, according to Hodge.
"A couple of ladies said to themselves that these workouts would be great in rooms with just spouses and no Sailors, so the environment would be less intimidating," she said. "The spouses came to us at the Fitness Forum. We then formed some focus groups, asked spouses what they wanted, and in a couple weeks came up with a curriculum that became 'Spouse Fit for Life.'"
The program is free and members meet every Thursday morning for two hours. The sessions are divided into group discussions with experts and guest speakers, and physical training.
Topics covered include the psychology of weight management and healthy nutrition, yoga and pilates, and childcare is available at the gym.
"What we're trying to do is develop a progressive program, so at the end of ten weeks, spouses will be healthier, more fit, and more knowledgeable," Hodge said. "The overall goal is for members to adopt a lifestyle of fitness."
The Spouse Fit program is open to spouses at least 18 years old and no longer in high school. Members receive free T-shirts and binders with educational handouts after enrolling, and the program now hosts a Facebook page, searchable under Spouse Fit through which members have begun organizing group activities and field trips outside the program.
"We want Spouse Fit to be a program that brings in everyone, regardless of rank, where spouses can meet each other and form lasting friendships," said Hodge. "Some common bonds are that spouses are overseas, they've gained weight, and they don't know anyone. But what they do know is that they want to adopt a healthy lifestyle for themselves and their family."
Smith truly appreciates the camaraderie she's found in Spouse Fit and recommends the program to others.
"The information is invaluable," she said. "The instructors are amazing and the other spouses make it a blast. We have bonded through pain. I have made goals for myself, but the fact I can go to any class in the morning and know half of the people is wonderful. I am grateful to all of them."
Hodge encourages all spouses to improve their health and fitness.
"NSA Naples has all the resources right here," she said. "I tell everyone at some point you just have to stop making excuses. Nike got it right a long time ago - 'Just Do It!'"
Naples Girls Take Florence Down
Stars and Stripes
European edition, Sunday, April 25, 2010
Naples 7, Florence 3: Saturday at Naples, Italy
Demi Holbrook pulled off the hat trick as the Lady Wildcats evened their overall and regional records at 2-2-0. Naples, which also got two goals from Haylea Witz and single scores from Sofia Cianciaruse and Abby Walker, led 7-0 at the half.
Resisting revisionism
Issue: 126
Posted: 26 April 10
Matthew Cookson
Tom Behan, The Italian Resistance: Fascists, Guerrillas and the Allies (Pluto Press, 2009), £18.99
The Italian people played a central role in liberating themselves from fascist dominance and Nazi occupation in 1943-5. Hundreds of thousands of people, mainly from the working class and with women playing a central role, took up arms, aided the partisan fighters and resisted fascism. This legacy remains powerful in Italy today, where every town and city has streets and squares named in honour of the liberation. But it is a contested legacy. A revisionist discourse, on the left and the right, has appeared in recent decades arguing that those who fought on both sides, during what was in part a civil war, should be remembered and respected equally.
Tom Behan's fine new book takes these reactionary arguments apart. It sides unashamedly with the people who bravely resisted Benito Mussolini's fascist dictatorship and, when that fell apart in 1943 after Italy's failures in the Second World War, the German invasion and occupation. Behan uses first-hand interviews and the written accounts by partisans to
illuminate the history.
The most fascinating chapters are those that document the scale, methods and courage of the resistance. As American and British forces invaded Italy and slowly made their way up the peninsula, the crucial thing for the left within the movement was that Italians were the instruments of their own liberation. This would bring a reckoning with the fascists who had ruled their country for over 20 years and ensure that the Allies could not simply dictate how any post-war society could be run. Naples was the first to rise up against German control, with four days of street battles forcing the occupiers out as the Allies arrived on the mainland in September 1943.
Italy was cut in half, with Mussolini only able to remain in power in the north as a puppet of the Germans. A national movement of partisans was born to overthrow this regime, with the left, especially the Communist Party, heavily influential in it. Thousands took to the mountains to launch armed resistance. They created a new kind of army, with a military commander and political commissar, who were both subject to election and recall. The political education of partisans was crucial, helping them understand and come to their own conclusions about the fight for a different world. In a number of areas, partisans even created their own republics where, despite the threat from the Germans, more democratic and progressive policies were introduced.
The urban resistance was also crucial, with the working class at the centre. Even under Mussolini, the number of strikes increased as discontent with the war grew. Hundreds of thousands of workers took part in a general strike in January 1944, one of the biggest such actions in occupied Europe. Insurrections in Florence in August 1944, and in the industrial triangle of Turin, Milan and Genoa in April 1945 liberated these cities.
But the post-war reality of Italy disappointed many who had taken up arms to liberate Italy and create a different kind of society. Managers who collaborated with fascism remained in place, conservative politicians dominated the country and there was no systematic purge of fascists from their posts in the state apparatus. There were also legal cases against many partisans for their Resistance activities. The Communist Party leaders, following the diktats of Joseph Stalin after his agreement with the West, played a crucial role in this. They ensured that this state of affairs was reached by subordinating the struggle to the wishes of the Allies and the more right wing elements in the Resistance. As Tom chronicles, this betrayal provoked protests and dismay, which culminated in an uprising after the attempted assassination of Palmiro Togliatti, the Communist Party leader.
The Italian Resistance is a good place to start for those who have no knowledge of the politics of the period, and it also has many new insights for readers familiar with them too. This story of an often hidden part of the Second World War is an indispensable read.
Italy court seeks ruling on Berlusconi's immunity
MILAN, April 19 (Reuters) - Italian judges hearing a case involving tax fraud and embezzlement charges against Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi have asked the Supreme Court to rule whether a law giving him temporary immunity is constitutional.
The legislation approved by Berlusconi's government in March gave the premier and his ministers immunity from trial for 18 months because their official duties constitute a "legitimate impediment" to attending hearings.
However, judges in Milan hearing a case concerning the acquisition of TV rights by Berlusconi's Mediaset (MS.MI) group believe the law may violate constitutional rules concerning changes to Italy's 1947 charter, judicial sources said.
Last year, the Supreme Court struck down an immunity law passed shortly after Berlusconi won power in 2008, arguing that such changes to the framework of state institutions required an amendment to the constitution.
The "legitimate impediment" law was designed as a stop-gap to shield Berlusconi from two ongoing legal cases while his centre-right coalition aims to approve constitutional changes giving top officials permanent immunity.
Prosecutors have brought charges against Berlusconi and his son Pier Silvio, as well as the chairman of family broadcasting company Mediaset, Fedele Confalonieri, and nine others.
They allege that Mediaset bought TV rights at inflated prices from two offshore companies controlled by Berlusconi, resulting in embezzlement of 35 million euros and tax fraud amounting to 8 million euros.
Berlusconi's lawyer Niccolo Ghedini, a senator in his People of Freedom party, has said biased judges are intent on bringing down the premier at all costs. He says Berlusconi could not have committed the crimes because he was not involved in Mediaset's management at the time.
In a second ongoing case against him, Berlusconi is accused of bribing British lawyer David Mills to give false testimony. It suffered a setback in February when judges ruled the charges against Mills had expired under statute of limitations.
The 73-year-old media tycoon says courts have subjected him to 109 trials costing him 200 million euros in legal fees since he first entered politics 15 years ago. He has never been definitively convicted of any charge.
Gender-bending rooster assumes new identity as an egg-laying hen
BY Rosemary Black
DAILY NEWS STAFF WRITER
Thursday, April 22nd 2010, 12:49 PM
A gender-bending chicken from Italy has plenty to crow about: Overnight, he went from being the lone cockerel in the barnyard to a fully functioning hen, laying eggs and attempting to hatch them, according to the Daily Mail.
Gianni, as he's known, was the sole survivor of a fox raid that killed off all the hens on the farm in Tuscany. Faster than you can say sex change, the cockerel adapted to the grim situation. He began to lay eggs.
Scientists at the UN's Farm and Agriculture Organization are puzzled, and plan to study the chicken's DNA to see what might have caused the change.
One scientist told the Daily Mail: "It may be a primitive species survival gene. With all the females gone, he could only ensure the future of his line by becoming female."
Donato Matassino, the professor who plans to lead the tests on Gianni, said the rooster-hen would undergo behavioral and genetic tests. "This will allow us to decipher this bizarre DNA mixup that appear to have literally given what looks like two chickens in one," Matassino said.
The tests will take place in Naples. No word on when Gianni will be returning to his/her Tuscan nest.
Explosive art: my top five volcano paintings
Artists have long striven to translate these fiery forces of nature into powerful works of art.
Volcanoes may have their inconveniences, but they have fascinated artists down the centuries, just as they have puzzled and seduced scientists. What are the five best paintings of these fiery giants?
We might almost say the best paintings of Mount Vesuvius, the classically cone-shaped mountain that rises above the Bay of Naples in southern Italy. No other volcano has been painted so often. In the 18th century, Naples was the destination of the Grand Tour, the epic artistic itinerary of Europe considered essential for a complete cultural education. Artists made this journey to keep up with aristocratic tastes, and Vesuvius was the perfect spectacle to portray to them, well-known to the public as well as painters. With his unerring eye for genre, Andy Warhol painted his own, rather good, Mount Vesuvius images in homage to this artistic cliche.
At the other end of the time scale, an ancient Roman fresco found in a house in Pompeii portrays the mountain whose AD79 eruption was to bury this provincial city. In the painting, the lower slopes are covered with trees, and the wine god Bacchus bears witness to the excellent grapes grown in its geologically enriched soil. Disturbingly, this lethal volcano appears more harmless than it does today.
Calm before the storm ... Bacchus on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius, part of a Roman fresco discovered in Pompeii. Photograph: Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples
To judge from this painting, Pompeiians saw Vesuvius as a gentle giant. But 18th-century travellers, schooled by the Enlightenment idea of the sublime to find wonder and power in sights that shock the soul, fed on the horror of the volcanic eruption. A 1760 daylight scene by Pietro Fabris seems, from its topographical clarity, to be an accurate record of a stream of lava sizzling down the mountain. By contrast, Joseph Wright's nocturnal visions of the mountain spewing fire are unfettered essays in the imaginative sublime.
Wright is probably my favourite volcano painter. But let's round out the five with a painting that gets away from Vesuvius. In 1862, the American painter Frederic Edwin Church created an eerie and imposing vision of an erupting Cotopaxi in Ecuador; it's a wondrous picture, which resembles a science-fiction vista from some distant planet. Church and Wright must battle it out as art's greatest volcano lovers.
A "quickie"-GRAM to give a final heads-up for two May reunions.
27th ANNUAL FSHS PIG ROAST
Live music and a suckling (sucking?) pig!! Now, that's entertainment!
8 May, at Ray Lee's house, 3827 Deer Path Road, Suffolk, VA
Open to all classes, Ray says: "We will have a record-breaking attendance this year!"
Contact Ray at: Charlie.r.lee@navy.mil
FSHS WILDCATS OLD FARTS REUNION
14-16 May, at Fort Story (near Virginia Beach), Virginia.
Classes of 1952-1958. If you're that old and interested, please contact:
Phil "Filippo" Pasqualino, FSHS 55
ppasqualino@cox.net
757-481-2647
WHERE'S WALDA? LOOKING FOR A WAYWARD WILDCAT
Debbie Dunn (Debbiedunn@aol.com / FSHS 68) is looking to link up with Walda Monje, also class of 1968. Anyone with info, please let Debbie know. Grazie.
That's it...told you it was a "quickie"! But, slave to tradition, I've got a Napoli News installment, below.
Saluti!
Scott T FSHS 68
Napoli News
Italian Mafia raid bowling arena in Naples caught on CCTV
23 April, 2010 | 13:42
Shocking images of a raid by the men of an Italian Mafia boss at a bowling alley and arcade at the Italian city of Naples. Men armed with AK47 machine guns, sawn-off shot guns and pistols raided a bowling alley split arcade last month in Naples Italy wrecking havoc while customers were still inside.
It is thought that the men belonged to Italian God Father, Giuseppe Palumbo who believes the owner of the bowling alley is hiding his runaway wife.
The bowling alleys CCTV captured the whole incident in which six men, all believed to be in the medium hierarchy of the Camorra clan, forced employees to the ground and pointed guns to their heads.
One member of the armed fiends even set the bowling alley alight with petrol while a family of four including two teenage girls were watching on the side alley.
The father who saw the alley being set alight took his wife and teenage girls and fled the scene.
The masked men shot at slot machines right beside frightened customers and knocked them over. It has also been reported they shot a man outside the parking lot of the alley while he saw what was going on and tried to flee the area.
The bullet which entered the man's thigh just missed a main artery. It is said that the man is now recovering at home but is very traumatised by the incident.
The mobsters then left the scene and attacked a casino just 18 minutes later, though the reason for that attack is unknown.
The footages emerged after Italian paramilitary police, raided the houses of gang members thought to have been involved in the attack which took place on 14 March.
An Italian police spokesman said “The attacks are due to a personal dispute between boss Giuseppe Palumbo, Don Gennaro the bowling alley owner and his niece who is also the wife of the Mafia boss, the mafia bossbelieved that the owner of the bowling alley was hiding Palumbo's wife after she separated from him.”
Two of the armed fiends are still on the run but four members of the gangs will be charged with attempted murder, kidnapping, robbery, arson, causing financial damage and possession of military weapons.
Napoli 0-0 Cagliari: Neapolitans' Champions League Dreams Wither In Naples
Even a Europa League spot might be difficult now for Napoli.
By Subhankar Mondal
Apr 25, 2010 10:53:00 AM
Napoli's hopes of qualifying for the Champions League next season were dealt another blow when they were held to a 0-0 draw by Cagliari at the Stadio San Paolo in Naples on Sunday afternoon. Palermo's win against Milan on Saturday night and Juventus' victory over Bari on Sunday imply that the Neapolitans may have to struggle for even a Europa League spot.
Napoli coach Walter Mazzarri started in a 3-4-2-1 formation with German Denis as the lone striker upfront with Marek Hamsik and Ezequiel Lavezzi playing just behind him. Visitors Cagliari commenced in a 4-4-2 formation with Alessandro Matri and Joaquin Larrivey as the two men in attack.
The first real chance of the game fell to Napoli as early as the fourth minute when Michele Pazienza put in a good ball for Denis, whose attempt was deflected off for a corner by Cagliari goalkeeper Federico Marchetti.
Seven minutes later the home side again got into the action; this time Hamsik tried to beat Marchetti from the right edge of the Cagliari penalty area but the ball was again deflected for a corner. It was Walter Gargano who gave the pass to the Slovakian international midfielder.
On 15 minutes Denis took a shot on the Cagliari goal from outside the penalty box but it was saved by Marchetti. A minute later Pazienza put Hamsik through but the 22-year-old's left-footed shot from outside the area missed the target.
Cagliari were finding it tough to take the game to Napoli but the Sardinians did come close on 19 minutes. Alessandro Agostini crafted in a cross that Matri tried to turn in from the centre of the Napoli penalty box with his left foot but his attempt went wide to the left.
The Neapolitans were dealt a blow on 26 minutes when forward Lavezzi had to be substituted by Mariano Bogliacino.
Cagliari had a half-chance of their own three minutes after the half hour mark when Matri headed the ball towards Andrea Lazzari, but his right-footed shot from a close range went high.
Ten minutes before half time the Azzurri again crafted a chance. Pazienza put in a diagonal ball to Denis, who then took a shot at the Cagliari goal but was again thwarted by Marchetti.
A minute later the Cagliari goalkeeper pulled off another great save when he saved a fantastic Denis header from a corner. Two minutes later on 38 minutes the 27-year-old again stopped Napoli from breaking the deadlock when he made a good save from a Walter Gargano attempt. It finished 0-0 at the break.
The second half started on a slow tempo with neither side able to take the initiative in the opening exchanges.
Then on 56 minutes Napoli created the first chance of the second session when Juan Zuniga put Bogliacino through on goal but the first-half substitute's shot from outside the Cagliari penalty box was saved.
Two minutes after the hour mark Hamsik put in a great central ball for Denis but the Napoli targetman couldn't get to it, or else it could have been a goal for Mazzarri's side.
Marchetti was again called into action in the 65th minute when he made a double-save, first from Hamsik and then from Bogliacino.
Cagliari's first real attempt on goal came on 70 minutes when Andrea Lazzari put in a cross into the Napoli penalty area. But Nene's header from the centre of the box was blocked.
Things became difficult for Cagliari when Andrea Cossu was shown a direct red card on 79 minutes. He had come on for Andrea Lazzari in the 73rd minute and was given the marching orders for violent conduct.
It could have turned worse for Cagliari in the 81st minute when Napoli created a good chance. Zuniga found himself with the ball on the right side of the Cagliari penalty area but he couldn't eventually do anything with the chance.
The final minutes trickled down with no real chance being created by the Neapolitans. It finished 0-0 between Napoli and Cagliari in Naples.
Fitness Program Finds a Following
By Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class (SW/AW) Felicito Rustique, Naval Public Affairs Support Element East Detachment Europe
Apr 24, 2010 - 9:37:27 AM
NAPLES, Italy - Naval Support Activity Naples Fitness Forum's Spouse Fit for Life program is assisting family members with getting into shape and staying healthy.
The 10-week program began in March and boasts a membership of nearly 70 individuals, something program facilitators said is beyond their expectations.
"I am thrilled with the enrollment," said Fitness Forum's Fitness Coordinator, Carrie Ann Hodge. "This is the first program of its kind here in Naples and we're learning as we go. But we had no idea that the program would be this successful."
Spouse Fit member Christine Smith said the program is well-deserved.
"I am happy that the base decided to recognize that spouses need programs too," said Smith. "We have limited choices and seem to find everything geared to the service member so having a program geared to the special needs of a spouse takes away a great deal of the stresses involved with living overseas."
The Spouse Fit program was initiated when family members of hospital corpsmen from U.S. Naval Hospital Naples began attending their spouse's physical training routines, according to Hodge.
"A couple of ladies said to themselves that these workouts would be great in rooms with just spouses and no Sailors, so the environment would be less intimidating," she said. "The spouses came to us at the Fitness Forum. We then formed some focus groups, asked spouses what they wanted, and in a couple weeks came up with a curriculum that became 'Spouse Fit for Life.'"
The program is free and members meet every Thursday morning for two hours. The sessions are divided into group discussions with experts and guest speakers, and physical training.
Topics covered include the psychology of weight management and healthy nutrition, yoga and pilates, and childcare is available at the gym.
"What we're trying to do is develop a progressive program, so at the end of ten weeks, spouses will be healthier, more fit, and more knowledgeable," Hodge said. "The overall goal is for members to adopt a lifestyle of fitness."
The Spouse Fit program is open to spouses at least 18 years old and no longer in high school. Members receive free T-shirts and binders with educational handouts after enrolling, and the program now hosts a Facebook page, searchable under Spouse Fit through which members have begun organizing group activities and field trips outside the program.
"We want Spouse Fit to be a program that brings in everyone, regardless of rank, where spouses can meet each other and form lasting friendships," said Hodge. "Some common bonds are that spouses are overseas, they've gained weight, and they don't know anyone. But what they do know is that they want to adopt a healthy lifestyle for themselves and their family."
Smith truly appreciates the camaraderie she's found in Spouse Fit and recommends the program to others.
"The information is invaluable," she said. "The instructors are amazing and the other spouses make it a blast. We have bonded through pain. I have made goals for myself, but the fact I can go to any class in the morning and know half of the people is wonderful. I am grateful to all of them."
Hodge encourages all spouses to improve their health and fitness.
"NSA Naples has all the resources right here," she said. "I tell everyone at some point you just have to stop making excuses. Nike got it right a long time ago - 'Just Do It!'"
Naples Girls Take Florence Down
Stars and Stripes
European edition, Sunday, April 25, 2010
Naples 7, Florence 3: Saturday at Naples, Italy
Demi Holbrook pulled off the hat trick as the Lady Wildcats evened their overall and regional records at 2-2-0. Naples, which also got two goals from Haylea Witz and single scores from Sofia Cianciaruse and Abby Walker, led 7-0 at the half.
Resisting revisionism
Issue: 126
Posted: 26 April 10
Matthew Cookson
Tom Behan, The Italian Resistance: Fascists, Guerrillas and the Allies (Pluto Press, 2009), £18.99
The Italian people played a central role in liberating themselves from fascist dominance and Nazi occupation in 1943-5. Hundreds of thousands of people, mainly from the working class and with women playing a central role, took up arms, aided the partisan fighters and resisted fascism. This legacy remains powerful in Italy today, where every town and city has streets and squares named in honour of the liberation. But it is a contested legacy. A revisionist discourse, on the left and the right, has appeared in recent decades arguing that those who fought on both sides, during what was in part a civil war, should be remembered and respected equally.
Tom Behan's fine new book takes these reactionary arguments apart. It sides unashamedly with the people who bravely resisted Benito Mussolini's fascist dictatorship and, when that fell apart in 1943 after Italy's failures in the Second World War, the German invasion and occupation. Behan uses first-hand interviews and the written accounts by partisans to
illuminate the history.
The most fascinating chapters are those that document the scale, methods and courage of the resistance. As American and British forces invaded Italy and slowly made their way up the peninsula, the crucial thing for the left within the movement was that Italians were the instruments of their own liberation. This would bring a reckoning with the fascists who had ruled their country for over 20 years and ensure that the Allies could not simply dictate how any post-war society could be run. Naples was the first to rise up against German control, with four days of street battles forcing the occupiers out as the Allies arrived on the mainland in September 1943.
Italy was cut in half, with Mussolini only able to remain in power in the north as a puppet of the Germans. A national movement of partisans was born to overthrow this regime, with the left, especially the Communist Party, heavily influential in it. Thousands took to the mountains to launch armed resistance. They created a new kind of army, with a military commander and political commissar, who were both subject to election and recall. The political education of partisans was crucial, helping them understand and come to their own conclusions about the fight for a different world. In a number of areas, partisans even created their own republics where, despite the threat from the Germans, more democratic and progressive policies were introduced.
The urban resistance was also crucial, with the working class at the centre. Even under Mussolini, the number of strikes increased as discontent with the war grew. Hundreds of thousands of workers took part in a general strike in January 1944, one of the biggest such actions in occupied Europe. Insurrections in Florence in August 1944, and in the industrial triangle of Turin, Milan and Genoa in April 1945 liberated these cities.
But the post-war reality of Italy disappointed many who had taken up arms to liberate Italy and create a different kind of society. Managers who collaborated with fascism remained in place, conservative politicians dominated the country and there was no systematic purge of fascists from their posts in the state apparatus. There were also legal cases against many partisans for their Resistance activities. The Communist Party leaders, following the diktats of Joseph Stalin after his agreement with the West, played a crucial role in this. They ensured that this state of affairs was reached by subordinating the struggle to the wishes of the Allies and the more right wing elements in the Resistance. As Tom chronicles, this betrayal provoked protests and dismay, which culminated in an uprising after the attempted assassination of Palmiro Togliatti, the Communist Party leader.
The Italian Resistance is a good place to start for those who have no knowledge of the politics of the period, and it also has many new insights for readers familiar with them too. This story of an often hidden part of the Second World War is an indispensable read.
Italy court seeks ruling on Berlusconi's immunity
MILAN, April 19 (Reuters) - Italian judges hearing a case involving tax fraud and embezzlement charges against Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi have asked the Supreme Court to rule whether a law giving him temporary immunity is constitutional.
The legislation approved by Berlusconi's government in March gave the premier and his ministers immunity from trial for 18 months because their official duties constitute a "legitimate impediment" to attending hearings.
However, judges in Milan hearing a case concerning the acquisition of TV rights by Berlusconi's Mediaset (MS.MI) group believe the law may violate constitutional rules concerning changes to Italy's 1947 charter, judicial sources said.
Last year, the Supreme Court struck down an immunity law passed shortly after Berlusconi won power in 2008, arguing that such changes to the framework of state institutions required an amendment to the constitution.
The "legitimate impediment" law was designed as a stop-gap to shield Berlusconi from two ongoing legal cases while his centre-right coalition aims to approve constitutional changes giving top officials permanent immunity.
Prosecutors have brought charges against Berlusconi and his son Pier Silvio, as well as the chairman of family broadcasting company Mediaset, Fedele Confalonieri, and nine others.
They allege that Mediaset bought TV rights at inflated prices from two offshore companies controlled by Berlusconi, resulting in embezzlement of 35 million euros and tax fraud amounting to 8 million euros.
Berlusconi's lawyer Niccolo Ghedini, a senator in his People of Freedom party, has said biased judges are intent on bringing down the premier at all costs. He says Berlusconi could not have committed the crimes because he was not involved in Mediaset's management at the time.
In a second ongoing case against him, Berlusconi is accused of bribing British lawyer David Mills to give false testimony. It suffered a setback in February when judges ruled the charges against Mills had expired under statute of limitations.
The 73-year-old media tycoon says courts have subjected him to 109 trials costing him 200 million euros in legal fees since he first entered politics 15 years ago. He has never been definitively convicted of any charge.
Gender-bending rooster assumes new identity as an egg-laying hen
BY Rosemary Black
DAILY NEWS STAFF WRITER
Thursday, April 22nd 2010, 12:49 PM
A gender-bending chicken from Italy has plenty to crow about: Overnight, he went from being the lone cockerel in the barnyard to a fully functioning hen, laying eggs and attempting to hatch them, according to the Daily Mail.
Gianni, as he's known, was the sole survivor of a fox raid that killed off all the hens on the farm in Tuscany. Faster than you can say sex change, the cockerel adapted to the grim situation. He began to lay eggs.
Scientists at the UN's Farm and Agriculture Organization are puzzled, and plan to study the chicken's DNA to see what might have caused the change.
One scientist told the Daily Mail: "It may be a primitive species survival gene. With all the females gone, he could only ensure the future of his line by becoming female."
Donato Matassino, the professor who plans to lead the tests on Gianni, said the rooster-hen would undergo behavioral and genetic tests. "This will allow us to decipher this bizarre DNA mixup that appear to have literally given what looks like two chickens in one," Matassino said.
The tests will take place in Naples. No word on when Gianni will be returning to his/her Tuscan nest.
Explosive art: my top five volcano paintings
Artists have long striven to translate these fiery forces of nature into powerful works of art.
Volcanoes may have their inconveniences, but they have fascinated artists down the centuries, just as they have puzzled and seduced scientists. What are the five best paintings of these fiery giants?
We might almost say the best paintings of Mount Vesuvius, the classically cone-shaped mountain that rises above the Bay of Naples in southern Italy. No other volcano has been painted so often. In the 18th century, Naples was the destination of the Grand Tour, the epic artistic itinerary of Europe considered essential for a complete cultural education. Artists made this journey to keep up with aristocratic tastes, and Vesuvius was the perfect spectacle to portray to them, well-known to the public as well as painters. With his unerring eye for genre, Andy Warhol painted his own, rather good, Mount Vesuvius images in homage to this artistic cliche.
At the other end of the time scale, an ancient Roman fresco found in a house in Pompeii portrays the mountain whose AD79 eruption was to bury this provincial city. In the painting, the lower slopes are covered with trees, and the wine god Bacchus bears witness to the excellent grapes grown in its geologically enriched soil. Disturbingly, this lethal volcano appears more harmless than it does today.
Calm before the storm ... Bacchus on the slopes of Mount Vesuvius, part of a Roman fresco discovered in Pompeii. Photograph: Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples
To judge from this painting, Pompeiians saw Vesuvius as a gentle giant. But 18th-century travellers, schooled by the Enlightenment idea of the sublime to find wonder and power in sights that shock the soul, fed on the horror of the volcanic eruption. A 1760 daylight scene by Pietro Fabris seems, from its topographical clarity, to be an accurate record of a stream of lava sizzling down the mountain. By contrast, Joseph Wright's nocturnal visions of the mountain spewing fire are unfettered essays in the imaginative sublime.
Wright is probably my favourite volcano painter. But let's round out the five with a painting that gets away from Vesuvius. In 1862, the American painter Frederic Edwin Church created an eerie and imposing vision of an erupting Cotopaxi in Ecuador; it's a wondrous picture, which resembles a science-fiction vista from some distant planet. Church and Wright must battle it out as art's greatest volcano lovers.
Tuesday, April 20, 2010
April 2010 FSHSWACD Updates!
Ciao, Tutti!
Hope all is well. We've finally got spring-like weather near Annapolis...and the Great Snows of February Ought-Ten are all-but forgotten. Until next year.
FSHSWACD Updates!
The April 2010 updates are in! Rather than clog up in-boxes with two notes, I tried to attach both the Word and Excel files in a single zipped folder, but AOL frustrated that. So, will send Word file with this note and Excel file in a follow-up. Mea culpa...
Feel free to send to others on your Napoli address lists.
Mille grazie to FSHSWACD Cohort, Pat Carter Bryant (FSHS68 / pat0804@gmail.com) for her cheerful help with the Excel updates.
Napoli Virtual Tours
For those of us unlucky enough not to live in Napoli or thereabouts or to have travelled there recently, David Trueblood (FSHS71 / truebdwi@cps.k12.va.us) sends these URLs, sure to bring back memories:
http://www.italyguides.it/us/napoli/vesuvius.htm
http://www.milvetstravel.net/naples.html
http://www.360travelguide.com/360VirtualTour.asp?iCode=cpr27
Speaking of I Remember When....
FSHS teacher Stewart Williams (FSHS Music Director 1969-1927 / Akdeniz56@aol.com) sends this note:
On the day in September 1969 when this picture of me was taken by the young man who operated the limonata stand, the first top light was hoisted in Napoli and lanes were painted on the Via.
No parking signs were put up next to the side walks. But no one stopped at the red light. If you did, you'd be moved-on on by the power at your rear. If you drove in the lane on the curve, you would be crushed. And, parking continued half way across the side walk.
Reunions and Such
I'm told that several folks are planning reunions of one sort or another (send info!), and I recall the upcoming Overseas Brats reunion in Reston, VA, 5-8 August. Theresa Dickie Branscome FSHS78 (dickiemt@aol.com) is interested in pulling together a Napoli cohort for the festivities. The URL for the event is:
http://www.overseasbrats.com/Homecoming2010Order1.asp
More to come, I'm sure!
That's about it for today. Be well...write if you have news. And, speaking of news, Napoli News is below.
Ciao,
Scott T (FSHS68 / SCTruver@aol.com)
NAPOLI NEWS
Mount Vesuvius Eruption Could Cause 21,000 Casualties, Economic Losses of $24 Billion
Volcano Ranks Number One on Willis List of Europe's 10 Most Dangerous
WSJ Market Watch, 19 April 2010
LONDON, Apr 15, 2010 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- A major eruption of Italy's Mount Vesuvius could result in 8,000 fatalities, 13,000 serious injuries and total economic losses of more than $24 billion, according to a new study supported by the Willis Research Network (WRN) that puts Vesuvius at the top of the list of Europe's 10 most dangerous volcanoes.
The WRN, funded by Willis Group Holdings, the global insurance broker, is an industry-leading public-private partnership between Willis and many of the top scientific research institutions in the world.
The WRN volcano risk ranking, which examines European volcanoes with potentially affected populations of greater than 10,000, was developed by researchers from the University of Cambridge, the University of Naples Federico II and Willis Re, Willis' reinsurance broking arm.
In the paper titled, "Insurance Risks From Volcanic Eruptions in Europe," the researchers propose that the ranking be used as the basis for developing the first detailed insurance risk models for volcanoes in Europe and various European overseas territories. At present, no such models exist.
The WRN team identified the 10 most dangerous European volcanoes based on the size of a potential eruption, the number of people potentially at risk, and the value of property in the area surrounding each volcano. The study found that, together, the 10 volcanoes could affect almost 2.1 million people with an aggregated exposed residential property value of US $85 billion. The Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland that erupted yesterday was not on the list, but the Hekla volcano, Iceland's most active, was ranked as the ninth most dangerous volcano in Europe.
Vesuvius poses the greatest risk to life and property, the study found, because it has the highest exposed population (1.7 million people), the highest exposed residential property value (US $66.1 billion), and the greatest potential for a seriously damaging eruption among the top 10 volcanoes. The study noted that more than 87 percent of the aggregated exposed property value for the 10 volcanoes is concentrated in the Neapolitan region near Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei.
The WRN European volcano risk ranking below shows the number of people living in the area that could be affected by 25 cm of ash fall in the assumed greatest eruption. It also shows the total residential property value exposed to severe damage or destruction in that eruption, taking into account the total number of dwellings within possible reach of pyroclastic flows or 25 cm ash fall and their full current reconstruction cost. While the Caribbean volcano of Soufriere Saint Vincent is not on European soil, it has been included in the top 10 due to the significant impact that an eruption would have on European territory.
Dr. Rashmin Gunasekera, a Catastrophe Risk Analyst at Willis Re and one of the authors of the paper, said, "There are significant numbers of highly active volcanoes in the wider European region, taking into account those in Iceland, the Spanish Canary Islands, the Portuguese Azores and the French islands of the Lesser Antilles. These are all major tourist destinations, and while property values drive our loss estimates, it should be noted that aviation, agriculture, motor and business interruption policies also will be affected."
WRN member Prof. Robin Spence, CURBE, University of Cambridge & CAR Ltd., and an author of the study, said, "Large explosive volcanic eruptions are rare events, but when they do occur, they have the potential to cause huge economic and human losses. In 2002, for example, rain combined with ash fall alone caused economic losses of around US $960 million after the eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily. In principle, however volcanic eruption is an insurable risk and our study concludes that the time has come for the development of an insurance risk model for European volcanoes to identify the scale of potential future impacts."
The WRN team was made up of Dr. Gunasekera, Prof. Robin Spence and Prof. Giulio Zuccaro, Scientific Director, Plinius Centre, University of Naples Federico II.
Volcanic risk affects major metropolitan areas worldwide, including Tokyo (Mt. Fuji), Mexico City (Popocatepetl) and Auckland (Auckland Field). WRN officials said they expect their volcano risk methodology will prove to be valuable in assessing risk in these other areas beyond Europe and its territories.
Volcano raises concern in Italy
By Sandra Jontz, Stars and Stripes
European edition, Wednesday, April 7, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - The walls of Europe's largest undersea volcano appear fragile and an eruption could cause a tsunami that would engulf much of southern Italy, causing certain death and destruction, an Italian volcanologist said.
The latest research from Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology shows the undersea volcano Marsili, about 90 miles southwest of Italy's third-largest city of Naples, is in fact, active, said Giuseppe D'Anna, the institute's technological manager.
"We've known it's been there, maybe for about 40 years, but never really were able to study it until recently," D'Anna said in a recent interview from his office in Cefalu, near Palermo, Sicily.
"Finally, we were able to send down equipment - and the recent results show that it is an active volcano."
If the volcano were to spew its accumulating magma, the eruption would send forth a tsunami that would overwhelm Italy's southern regions of Campania, Calabria and the island of Sicily, D'Anna said.
D'Anna's predictions to Stars and Stripes, however, weren't as alarmist as those of institute president Enzo Boschi. Boschi was quoted recently in an Italian daily newspaper, Corriere Della Sera, as saying that collected data indicates "the volcano is active and could suddenly erupt. … It could happen even tomorrow."
"Well, I don't know about tomorrow," D'Anna said with a slight chuckle, "but our research indicates the walls are weak and there has been a measurable build up of magma in the chambers over the past several years.
"If it were to erupt, it could generate a tsunami that would impact much, if not all, of southern Italy."
However, he added, there is no way of predicting how high of waves an eruption would generate.
Marsili is about 9,800 feet tall, and its crater is about 1,500-feet below the sea's surface. The mountain measures slightly less than 45 miles long and 18 miles wide.
Unlike the island volcano of Stromboli, near Sicily, Marsili has not erupted in modern history, making it more dangerous, D'Anna said. Constant eruptions provide a release of energy and pressure for both Stromboli and Mount Etna, located on Sicily and Europe's largest surface active volcano.
Mount Vesuvius, which looms over Naples, technically is dormant, but is one of the most monitored volcanoes on the planet. And unlike Marsili, surfacing lava from Vesuvius would have to break through encrusted rock covering a chamber that is four to six miles below the mouth - an activity that would spur earthquakes, but no spontaneous and surprise eruption, scientists have said.
With U.S. military forces and their families living in the back yard of both Vesuvius and Etna, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes long have been a scenario tested in Navy disaster preparedness drills.
The Navy is aware of the institute's recent report on Marsili, but has not developed a scenario based on a tsunami, a Navy spokesman in Naples said.
"Natural disasters are something the regional staff, and in turn, the bases are always encouraged to pay attention to," Lt. Brian Badura said. "Like many parts of the world … we live in an area highly susceptible to earthquakes."
Routinely, people are reminded to have emergency kits and plans ready, he said. "If something were to happen, families need to know what to do."
After Hours: Italy, Di Francia Castello
By Lisa M. Novak, Stars and Stripes
Scene, Sunday, March 28, 210
If opulence, elegance and deep pockets are your thing, head to the Di Francia Castello reception and restaurant complex set high atop the volcanic hills of Pozzuoli, part of the Italian city of Naples.
It's hard to miss the crenelated castle walls and the huge yellow illuminated sign easily visible from the toll road running through downtown Naples.
The grounds are tiled in mosaic and include several large outdoor areas where drinks are served, and on special occasions an outdoor buffet of appetizers, fruits and pastries is available. There is also a small playground to keep the little ones occupied.
The main feature is the huge reception hall for weddings or other special occasions. Next to it is the complex's restaurant, La Locanda (which means "The Inn"), where a rotating staff of six chefs prepare a mix of local and international cuisine with fresh but expensive ingredients.
The appetizers start at 15 euros, and head north to 250 euros - though, to be fair, that last price was for an ounce of Beluga caviar. A bowl of soup runs about 18 euros, and the main courses are in the 20-40 euro range. Of course, if you pick one of the fresh lobsters out of a tank, you can pay upward of 100 euros per kilogram.
Obviously Castello, which opened in 1950, is not for the faint of wallet. And it's not a place for casual attire either. This is where the elite of Naples gather. You might catch a glimpse of leading politicians, professional athletes, actors, musicians and other prominent citizens, according to Antonio Palmese, who has been the establishment's director for the past few decades.
A model of discretion, Palmese wouldn't drop names, but did say that he's hosted grand wedding receptions for up to 300 people.
Just inside the restaurant is what looks like a living room, with assorted leather couches, a coffee bar and breathtaking views of the islands of Capri, Procida and Ischia. Live piano music entertains guests Friday and Saturday nights.
The menu is well represented with rice and seafood dishes, and the drink selection is quite impressive. There are hundreds of different wines to choose from, including the restaurant's own house label. It also has a generous spread of spirits from all over, including aged whiskies and bourbons from the States.
The staff makes its own pastries and wedding cakes. Speaking of weddings, if you want to book Castello, you need to do so a year or two in advance, Palmese said. You might want to call now - even if you're not engaged.
'Saviour of Santo Stefano': One man's crusade to save southern Italy's ancient villages
By Peter Popham
The Independent, Sunday, 18 April 2010
Daniele Kihlgren came around the Gran Sasso mountain on his motorbike one day 11 years ago and saw Santo Stefano di Sessanio shining in the distance, and it was, he says, "una folgorazione" - "an electric shock". High stone walls shoot up from the mountain's flank, as a crenellated tower floats above the terracotta roofs. Inside, narrow lanes corkscrew towards the summit, here and there giving on to small piazzas and sunlit courtyards. It is a city in miniature: anyone who has seen the Tuscan or Umbrian hill towns knows the form. But in the case of Santo Stefano, it sat in perfect harmony with the woods and rolling foothills of Gran Sasso. Italy's rampant cement industry had got nowhere near: the place was pristine - and practically abandoned, with a population of about 100.
Kihlgren, who is a wealthy man, fell in love with Santo Stefano and bought his first house there and then. Soon, he owned eight more, and a quarter of the town, the owners long since lost to New Jersey or Toronto, was in his pocket.
What he did with them all is now well known. He struck an unprecedented deal with the local authority: in return for a guarantee of inedificabilita - a blanket ban on new building - he promised to invest serious quantities of money in bringing it back to life. Five years after he first set eyes on the village, and after an investment of €4.5m, Sextantio threw open its doors, and introduced discerning travellers from Italy and elsewhere to a face of the rugged Abruzzo region that they had never seen before, and an entirely new type of hotel: what he calls an "albergo diffuso", a "scattered hotel". No new structures were required; instead, reception, restaurant and guest-rooms occupied different medieval cottages clustered together on the town's slopes.
It was an immediate hit: in 2004, the year the hotel opened, the town had 79 beds available for guests, which were occupied for a total of 285 room-nights. Sextantio added 23 rooms to the total, and by 2008, the number of room-nights had leapt to 7,300. Kihlgren was also renovating a few village houses for sale, at wildly exorbitant prices by local standards. Soon, the mayors of half the dying hill towns of southern Italy, from Abruzzo to Calabria, were knocking on Kihlgren's door, demanding the same medicine.
Then, at 3.30am on the morning of 6 April 2009, the earth of Abruzzo quaked.
Daniele Kihlgren owes his money to cement, but he has devoted his life to stopping its advance. Though the phrase "consuming passion" trips lightly off the tongue, it is rare to find the real thing - but Kihlgren has it. I was with him for two days and he never slowed down. He never stopped talking. He has thrown all his energy into thwarting the plans of the Italian cement industry, to which his family's company belongs, to cover what remains of the peninsula in the stuff.
Italy has an insatiable appetite for cement. And this is unfortunate. They splash it around all over the place, especially where they shouldn't.
Wonderful, ancient cities such as Rome and Naples are encased in armatures of reinforced concrete housing estates. Lax and corrupt planning regimes up and down the country - particularly down - mean that the green hills of Lazio and Campania and Sicily, so pretty under the Mezzogiorno sun, are littered with modern, cement-made villas. Each enjoys the magnificent view which it plays its own small part in ruining. The developments have no logic except to keep on keeping on, until such once-upon-a-time beauty spots are carpeted in the products of Italcement, Caltagirone and Milesi, the Kihlgren family firm. There is no reason why the process should come to a halt: once the pristine countryside has been violated a few times, there is no longer anything to preserve.
Why don't they get it? Why don't they see what they are ruining so casually? With the exception of a few places such as Tuscany, where for the most part the authorities have had the wit to keep things in check, all of Italy is going this way.
The only other places remaining immune are those that are so poor, so thinly populated, so marginalised by history, so miserable in their destiny, that the national delight in splashing cement around stops a few miles short: places such as Santo Stefano. They are not wiser, more virtuous or far-seeing. They are just more broke. But they may also, by the caprice of history and trade, happen to be stunningly beautiful - in which case, the fortunes of the past and the misfortunes of the present unite to give Kihlgren what he, and only he, realised was an amazing opportunity.
Kihlgren had a messy upbringing. His father Bertil, son of a Swedish diplomat, married Rosella Milesi Saraval, member of a family from Bergamo, northern Italy, which had grown rich on cement. His parents split up when he was two; Kihlgren, a rebellious, tormented child, was expelled from three schools in Milan. In the process, he acquired an abiding hatred of communism, to which all of his schoolmates and their parents adhered - "a religion in Italy", he calls it.
Rejecting the polite Italian north in favour of the rackety and chaotic south, he studied philosophy at the University of Naples. He dabbled in hard drugs (his elder brother Edoardo was to die from a heroin overdose), and became HIV positive after using an infected needle. The only symptom of the virus is chronic fatigue, from which he has suffered for more than 20 years; he has tried every possible cure without success. Today, he gives the impression of a man driven by demons, haggard and groggy with fatigue but unable to slacken his pace. He talks a mile a minute, and rambles from subject to subject like a drunk with verbal diarrhoea - with the difference that most of the time he makes sense.
Kihlgren insists that he is "italianissimo" despite his "barbarous" name and his foreign blood, and superficially it is true: born and raised in Milan, he speaks no Swedish ("a very ugly language, all that gasping"). But his looks are perfectly Scandinavian, and his wealthy, cosmopolitan upbringing and random wanderings have left him with a very un-Italian way of looking at the world, and at Italy in particular.
The insight which changed his life, and which has the potential to change the destiny of swathes of southern Italy, too, came to him 20 years ago, on his first motorbike tour of the country, when he visited Agrigento on the southern coast of Sicily, celebrated for its marvellously intact ancient Greek temples - and notorious for the ugly modern development that now crowds around them.
"I arrived in the Valley of the Temples and I asked myself, how could they be such idiots as to ruin this beautiful heritage?" he says. "The man who builds his house more or less illegally here, next door to the temples, is doing damage to himself. If they preserved the beauty of the area, they could take in guests at €300 per night.
It was an aesthetic judgement - revulsion from the insensate ugliness that modern man has thrown up within spitting distance of some of the greatest glories of the ancient world - but framed as an economic insight: if they had followed the dictates of beauty instead of ignoring them, the people of Agrigento could have wound up rich. They could have dug themselves out of their holes, instead of fouling the beauty that the past bequeathed them. It is the same insight that he has brought to the mountains of Abruzzo.
After the excesses of his early twenties (today he is 43), Kihlgren found some equilibrium in Pescara, on Abruzzo's Adriatic coast. He moved into a large, plain house on land owned by his family and made an approximation of settling down. He began collecting stray dogs, of which he now has more than 15, and found what he calls the love of his life, a bulldog called Clementina, with whom he shared his bed; she has been replaced, since her death, by two more, Melone and Hollypop. Kihlgren has had plenty of human girlfriends, too, but the compulsory presence in his bed of not one but two large, flatulent dogs makes the arrival of a Mrs Kihlgren vanishingly unlikely. And anyway, bulldogs aside, there really is no room for another passion in his life.
The mountainous region of Abruzzo has always been a poor, marginal territory compared with its lower-lying neighbours, subsistence farming allowing for little in the way of architectural flourishes. But, as the finely worked details of its arches, windows, cornices and courtyards suggest, Santo Stefano, east of the capital, L'Aquila, was different.
In the Middle Ages, it was part of the Barony of Carapelle, a large estate in the hands of Florence's ruling Medici family. As a fuelling stop for the cross-country wool trade, there had been a settlement here since pre-Roman times: as late as the 18th century, remains of the ancient settlement, Sextantio, were still in evidence, though later all the stones were filched for new homes. And as the Europe-wide demand for wool continued to grow, the town prospered and grew in size and sophistication - while always retaining, at 1,250 metres above sea level and 150km distant from Rome, the sense of being somehow mysterious, far away from the teeming cities of Rome and Florence, with its own mountain wisdom and mountain cults, not under the thumb of the Pope.
Then the Italian wool trade went into a steep decline, crippled by competition from abroad, and Santo Stefano - too high up to branch out into other forms of agriculture - lost its raison d'être, and, as a consequence, its population, too.
The good fortune of the town was that its emigrating citizens did not stop at Belgium or the Ruhr Valley, but crossed the Atlantic in search of work. Santo Stefano was thus spared the fringe of pseudo-Tyrolean villas and other inanities which ruin the look of towns whose residents wandered no further than Italy's back door in search of work, then came home when they had made their money.
I first visited Santo Stefano on 10 April 2009, four days after last year's disastrous earthquake (the epicentre of which had been near L'Aquila). Vittorio Sgarbi, the volcanic Italian art critic and trouble-maker, urged me to go and see how they had coped with the seismic waves. I was greatly impressed: all the houses in the albergo diffuso had been invisibly reinforced in the course of reconstruction and had suffered no harm. The only damage was a hairline crack in the wall of one bathroom.
The rest of the town was a different matter. A cement viewing platform inserted at the top of the medieval tower decades before Kihlgren's arrival caused the tower to tumble to the ground, and many other houses were badly damaged. Today, one year on, scaffolding buttresses many of the town's high walls, wooden frames prop up ancient arches, and all that remains of the medieval tower is a scaffolding phantom of the original structure. The town's only through-road was closed until a few weeks ago.
Despite the mess left by the quake, Kihlgren's faith in his project is unshaken. The morning after I arrived, he and his colleagues Innocenzo and Antonio were hard at work on the project's next phase, which involves turning more of the ancient stone cottages into exquisitely desirable holiday homes. The challenge is to do this without sacrificing their souls - in fact, reassembling or reinventing the houses' souls along the way. It is painstaking work in which serendipity plays a large part. But slowly, through trial and error, they are getting close.
Antonio and a village lad stagger in with an old oak door they have unearthed. "Feel the weight of it," says Antonio. It weighs a ton; I can barely get it off the ground. "Molto spartana," ("Very spartan") he says approvingly, and shows me how the door's rough-hewn back reveals that its timbers were hacked directly from a tree trunk. This will do for the door of a closet in the house. '
"Look at this plaster," says Kihlgren fondly from the other side of the room, peering at the wall, which is black with age and smoke and crazed with tiny cracks. Ripe, you would assume, for the plasterer's trowel and a few coats of emulsion - but you would be wrong. This is the surface which emerged after all the decorators' improvements of the past decades had been scraped away, and like the oak door, it breathes the village's medieval life of hardship and simple, frugal beauty - in a place where the Middle Ages finished, Kihlgren claims, only after the Second World War.
Sextantio was a labour of love - but also of keen commercial intelligence. Kihlgren the cosmopolitan saw, as his compatriots failed to, that what foreign visitors love about Tuscany besides its villas, weather and food, is that it is unspoiled - its beauty, at best, is not fatally compromised by the haphazard sprouting of modern development. But in Abruzzo, inedificabilita - the principle that nothing new will be built - is one it has taken him immense effort to get accepted.
"This region was the theatre of a history which finished with emigration and abandonment," Kihlgren says. "That was the end of these towns, but also the reason why they remained as they were, with their values and their uncontaminated relationship with the countryside. And I don't think it's utopian of me to believe that these values can become the real engine of the economy here."
The media, especially the international media, reported the Sextantio project and enthusiasm, and Italy-lovers began to pour in. The value of local property soared, and a revival in local crafts got under way as Kihlgren bent over backwards to source everything, from the restaurant's recipes and food supplies to the handwoven bedspreads in the guest-rooms, to craftspeople in and around the town.
His effort was unprecedented because the heritage of places such as Santo Stefano, he says, has never been given much respect within Italy. "The bourgeoisie was committed to spreading what in Italy represented culture - Rome and nothing else. Only towns which were deliberately planned were accorded respect; spontaneously created towns such as Santo Stefano, which came into being with no deliberate plan and which find their greatest expression in the relationship between town and countryside, these were never considered important.
"I know perfectly well how carefully we preserve the statues of Canova, paintings, important palaces and so on. But the significance of these villages, whose real added value is that they have a relationship with the countryside, has always been dismissed." And this blindness to their beauty, together with the laxity of local planning regulation, leads to their casual destruction. "Why on earth," Kihlgren raves, "when they have the potential to be tourist destinations, when there is absolutely no need to build anything new for industry or for any other purpose, do they continue to build in these places - and always in reinforced concrete?"
Sextantio faced down last year's earthquake, but the timing was atrocious for Kihlgren. Coupled with the economic crisis that arrived six months later, it has given his project the biggest challenge of its young life. Kihlgren's company has bought six other villages which are to receive the Santo Stefano treatment, and already a similar project is up and running in the caves of the city of Matera in Basilicata, which has proved a big hit. But because of the earthquake, Santo Stefano itself, which was intended to be the locomotive of the whole enterprise, is stuck in the tracks.
Before the earthquake, Kihlgren and his team had prepared six abandoned houses for sale; six more are under preparation now. But since the disaster, the selling market is at a standstill. With the town still full of scaffolding and visible damage from the earthquake, no one is in a mood to invest - especially when a small, diligently restructured cottage in the town comes with an asking price of more than €200,000.
The hotel, too, is still suffering from the post-earthquake blight. "The earthquake showed we are doing the right thing in that we sustained no damage," says Maurizio Guccione, Sextantio's managing director, in his office in Kihlgren's Pescara headquarters, "but tourists haven't started coming back to Abruzzo, and that includes Santo Stefano." As the road into the town had been impassable, the hotel has seen no visitors at all since the disaster. The only exception was a wedding last June - two Irish families who "were determined to come, despite the road problem".
Now that the road is open again, the hotel is coming back to life: six weddings are booked and they have 15 reservations for conferences. "But selling houses remains a problem," says Guccione. "Buying a house in a village that has been so visibly damaged is embarrassing. It's a matter of waiting until the memory of earthquake passes for the market to recover."
But Kihlgren is in no mood to wait - and as the sober men he has placed in charge of Sextantio will not put the company's existence on the line, he has gone ahead without them.
In addition to the six towns already purchased, he has bought three more out of his own pocket, with which he intends to show the world where the Santo Stefano idea is headed. To help him, he has enlisted the co-operation of the top British architect David Chipperfield. They are planning "a series of prototypes" in Chipperfield's words; after that, it's the wide world. "All I need is 30 towns," Kihlgren says. "Thirty towns from Calabria to Abruzzo and we can save the south of Italy."
"When I first turned up in Santo Stefano, they thought I was a simpleton," he says. "When I bought the houses, they thought I was an idiot." Even today, with Sextantio's success an acknowledged fact, his manic manner makes him seem more raving fantasist than hard-headed businessman. And the fact is that the two elements in his character are thoroughly intermixed. But there is no doubt that he is a visionary. "He is an irrepressible force, uncontaminated, motivated by ideas," says Chipperfield. "He has levels of naivety that I find convincing. His approach is charming. And it seems to us to have a large relevance, not only to how to deal with old villages but with the whole Italian system, which always works up huge, overarching systems but then achieves nothing. I'm not just interested in his approach to building, but also his way of operating within the culture."
Kihlgren takes us to one of the three new towns he has bought. It is on the other side of the Gran Sasso from Santo Stefano, closer to Pescara, and only a few minutes from the Rome-Pescara autostrada. We drive through a decaying, nondescript village called Musellaro, through a discouraging small suburb of undistinguished modern homes, then follow our leader down a narrow track by the side of a cliff.
Turning a corner, where the modern houses end, we see what he saw: climbing steeply down the overgrown hillside, towards a river, is a village of stone houses. Totally abandoned many decades ago, most of them are without roofs, many missing one or more walls. But they hang together as a village unit, and all confront a stupendous view of the huge, distant form, the vast, slumbering bulldog of Mount Maiella.
Italian Match-Fixing Scandal Surfaces
ROME (AP) - Italian Football Federation officials are awaiting developments in a criminal court case in Naples as they consider opening a new investigation into the match-fixing scandal that rocked the national sport four years ago.
For several days, Italian media have printed alleged phone-tap conversations linking Inter Milan and other clubs to the scandal.
Inter was awarded the 2006 Serie A title after Juventus was stripped of the honor and relegated to Serie B due to its role in the scandal.
The Gazzetta dello Sport reported on Wednesday that Italian Football Federation president Giancarlo Abete and federation prosecutor Stefano Palazzi met on Tuesday to discuss the matter.
It's unclear, however, if the statute of limitations in the case has expired.
The new phone taps came to light as part of the defense of former Juventus executive Luciano Moggi in the Naples case, with Moggi arguing that all the teams were in contact with refereeing officials.
In the purported conversations -- as printed in the Gazzetta -- Inter president Massimo Moratti is heard talking with referee selector Paolo Bergamo about the match officials for an Italian Cup game that Inter went on to win 3-1 over Bologna in January 2005.
Moratti has rejected the new allegations as "ridiculous and shameful," while Bergamo maintains that he "always spoke regularly with all the club presidents."
Juventus issued a statement Wednesday, saying it was watching the Naples case closely and it "expects that the organs of justice will secure equal treatment for all."
Another former Juventus executive, Antonio Giraudo, already has received a three-year sentence from the Naples court on charges of criminal association aimed at committing sports fraud.
Moggi and Giraudo were banned from football for five years by a sports court for influencing the outcome of matches. They deny wrongdoing.
Juventus was stripped of its 2005 and '06 Serie A titles and relegated to the second division with a nine-point penalty. It immediately won promotion back to Serie A.
The scandal was the biggest corruption case in the history of Italian football. Besides Juventus, three other big clubs -- AC Milan, Lazio and Fiorentina -- were penalized, as were Reggina and Arezzo. Copyright 2010 The Associated Press.
Naples-area mafia boss nabbed
Apr 15, 2010
ROME - POLICE on Wednesday arrested the boss of the Naples-area Camorra mafia, Nicola Panaro, considered one of Italy's 30 most dangerous fugitives, the ANSA news agency reported.
The 41-year-old head of the most powerful Camorra clan the Casalesi had been on the run for seven years, ANSA said.
Interior Minister Roberto Maroni hailed the arrest as 'another extraordinary success by the state against the Camorra.' Late last month police arrested 12 alleged members of the Casalesi clan including the father and brother of Michele Zagaria, a boss who has been on the run for 15 years.
Last week authorities seized land and buildings worth more than 700 million euros ($1.3 billion) from suspected Camorra mafia members in what Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi called the biggest operation of its kind.
The Camorra are one of Italy's four organised crime syndicates. -- AFP
Berlusconi Criticizes Gomorrah, Says it is "Promotional Support" for Mafia
Nicola Orichuia
Posted: April 18, 2010 02:59 PM
Every morning, just before opening the dozens of Italian news websites I look at each day, I prepare myself mentally to some other embarrassing statement by Prime minister Silvio Berlusconi.
But what I read last week wasn't embarrassing. It was shocking and repulsive.
During a press conference on the Italian government's efforts to fight the mafia, Berlusconi started criticizing the "promotional support" that certain TV series or literature, such as Gomorrah by Roberto Saviano, give to the mafia.
First of all, let me say that the statement is simply ridiculous. It's equivalent to saying that Nazism is famous because Primo Levi and Elie Wiesel wrote about it.
I don't know if Berlusconi ever read the book Gomorrah, but his statements tell me he hasn't.
Gomorrah is a powerful, courageous and journalistically impeccable piece of non-fiction, which brilliantly exposes facts, events, court rulings and arrests involving members of the Camorra, the organized crime prevalent in the southern Campania region.
I find Berlusconi's statement shocking because he implies that reading about the mafia is counter-productive. Maybe Berlusconi also implies that reading in general is counter-productive. Reading gives people knowledge. The nazis burned books because it was not tolerable to have an alternative truth to the one pronounced by the regime.
In modern-day regimes, in which a few powerful people continue to rape their country's democratic constitution, books aren't being burnt. It isn't necessary. All you need is a TV channel, a lot of money and a number of dumb shows to keep the mind occupied until it becomes total mush and people stop thinking.
Berlusconi has done just that. In the 1980s he introduced Italians to all sorts of TV-trash through his three private channels (one of which has been ruled illegal and unconstitutional) and now is happily joining forces with the racist and xenophobe Lega Nord party to change Italy's constitution and the delicate balance of powers between president, government and parliament.
I also find Berlusconi's criticism of Gomorrah repulsive.
It is repulsive in that Berlusconi doesn't mention that that book has cost its author his freedom because the Camorra clans surrounding Naples have set out to kill him.
Berlusconi willingly omits that Roberto Saviano is under 24/7 police protection and in hiding ever since the book was published. By telling the truth about Campania's organized crime, Saviano has paid a high price and should be considered a hero. Criticizing him, his book or just the idea of writing a book on mafia means the government does not like people like Saviano going around telling the truth.
I find it impossible to justify Berlusconi's point of view. Essentially, what he's saying is that fighting organized crime should be a job left solely to the government and police forces. Literature is not contemplated in his plans to fight mafia.
What Berlusconi doesn't understand, or maybe he's just pretending to not understand, is that the only way to fight mafia efficiently is to let people know about it, about how its mechanisms work, about how complicated and well organized the criminal groups are and how these groups influence the lives of so many people who might not want anything to do with mafia, but find themselves living next door to it.
Arresting hundreds or thousands of members of the Mafia, of the Camorra, of the 'Ndrangheta, of the Sacra Corona Unita, will do no good if it is not sided by a serious and efficient educational campaign. People can always be replaced.
If I were Berlusconi, I would praise Saviano and his efforts to illuminate the situation and would make it a mandatory book to read in all of Italy, because the book involves the entire nation. It is such a tragic and true story that I'm sure only good can come out of it when younger generations grow up with the knowledge of what's happening to their brothers and sisters in and around Naples
Hope all is well. We've finally got spring-like weather near Annapolis...and the Great Snows of February Ought-Ten are all-but forgotten. Until next year.
FSHSWACD Updates!
The April 2010 updates are in! Rather than clog up in-boxes with two notes, I tried to attach both the Word and Excel files in a single zipped folder, but AOL frustrated that. So, will send Word file with this note and Excel file in a follow-up. Mea culpa...
Feel free to send to others on your Napoli address lists.
Mille grazie to FSHSWACD Cohort, Pat Carter Bryant (FSHS68 / pat0804@gmail.com) for her cheerful help with the Excel updates.
Napoli Virtual Tours
For those of us unlucky enough not to live in Napoli or thereabouts or to have travelled there recently, David Trueblood (FSHS71 / truebdwi@cps.k12.va.us) sends these URLs, sure to bring back memories:
http://www.italyguides.it/us/napoli/vesuvius.htm
http://www.milvetstravel.net/naples.html
http://www.360travelguide.com/360VirtualTour.asp?iCode=cpr27
Speaking of I Remember When....
FSHS teacher Stewart Williams (FSHS Music Director 1969-1927 / Akdeniz56@aol.com) sends this note:
On the day in September 1969 when this picture of me was taken by the young man who operated the limonata stand, the first top light was hoisted in Napoli and lanes were painted on the Via.
No parking signs were put up next to the side walks. But no one stopped at the red light. If you did, you'd be moved-on on by the power at your rear. If you drove in the lane on the curve, you would be crushed. And, parking continued half way across the side walk.
Reunions and Such
I'm told that several folks are planning reunions of one sort or another (send info!), and I recall the upcoming Overseas Brats reunion in Reston, VA, 5-8 August. Theresa Dickie Branscome FSHS78 (dickiemt@aol.com) is interested in pulling together a Napoli cohort for the festivities. The URL for the event is:
http://www.overseasbrats.com/Homecoming2010Order1.asp
More to come, I'm sure!
That's about it for today. Be well...write if you have news. And, speaking of news, Napoli News is below.
Ciao,
Scott T (FSHS68 / SCTruver@aol.com)
NAPOLI NEWS
Mount Vesuvius Eruption Could Cause 21,000 Casualties, Economic Losses of $24 Billion
Volcano Ranks Number One on Willis List of Europe's 10 Most Dangerous
WSJ Market Watch, 19 April 2010
LONDON, Apr 15, 2010 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- A major eruption of Italy's Mount Vesuvius could result in 8,000 fatalities, 13,000 serious injuries and total economic losses of more than $24 billion, according to a new study supported by the Willis Research Network (WRN) that puts Vesuvius at the top of the list of Europe's 10 most dangerous volcanoes.
The WRN, funded by Willis Group Holdings, the global insurance broker, is an industry-leading public-private partnership between Willis and many of the top scientific research institutions in the world.
The WRN volcano risk ranking, which examines European volcanoes with potentially affected populations of greater than 10,000, was developed by researchers from the University of Cambridge, the University of Naples Federico II and Willis Re, Willis' reinsurance broking arm.
In the paper titled, "Insurance Risks From Volcanic Eruptions in Europe," the researchers propose that the ranking be used as the basis for developing the first detailed insurance risk models for volcanoes in Europe and various European overseas territories. At present, no such models exist.
The WRN team identified the 10 most dangerous European volcanoes based on the size of a potential eruption, the number of people potentially at risk, and the value of property in the area surrounding each volcano. The study found that, together, the 10 volcanoes could affect almost 2.1 million people with an aggregated exposed residential property value of US $85 billion. The Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland that erupted yesterday was not on the list, but the Hekla volcano, Iceland's most active, was ranked as the ninth most dangerous volcano in Europe.
Vesuvius poses the greatest risk to life and property, the study found, because it has the highest exposed population (1.7 million people), the highest exposed residential property value (US $66.1 billion), and the greatest potential for a seriously damaging eruption among the top 10 volcanoes. The study noted that more than 87 percent of the aggregated exposed property value for the 10 volcanoes is concentrated in the Neapolitan region near Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei.
The WRN European volcano risk ranking below shows the number of people living in the area that could be affected by 25 cm of ash fall in the assumed greatest eruption. It also shows the total residential property value exposed to severe damage or destruction in that eruption, taking into account the total number of dwellings within possible reach of pyroclastic flows or 25 cm ash fall and their full current reconstruction cost. While the Caribbean volcano of Soufriere Saint Vincent is not on European soil, it has been included in the top 10 due to the significant impact that an eruption would have on European territory.
Dr. Rashmin Gunasekera, a Catastrophe Risk Analyst at Willis Re and one of the authors of the paper, said, "There are significant numbers of highly active volcanoes in the wider European region, taking into account those in Iceland, the Spanish Canary Islands, the Portuguese Azores and the French islands of the Lesser Antilles. These are all major tourist destinations, and while property values drive our loss estimates, it should be noted that aviation, agriculture, motor and business interruption policies also will be affected."
WRN member Prof. Robin Spence, CURBE, University of Cambridge & CAR Ltd., and an author of the study, said, "Large explosive volcanic eruptions are rare events, but when they do occur, they have the potential to cause huge economic and human losses. In 2002, for example, rain combined with ash fall alone caused economic losses of around US $960 million after the eruption of Mount Etna in Sicily. In principle, however volcanic eruption is an insurable risk and our study concludes that the time has come for the development of an insurance risk model for European volcanoes to identify the scale of potential future impacts."
The WRN team was made up of Dr. Gunasekera, Prof. Robin Spence and Prof. Giulio Zuccaro, Scientific Director, Plinius Centre, University of Naples Federico II.
Volcanic risk affects major metropolitan areas worldwide, including Tokyo (Mt. Fuji), Mexico City (Popocatepetl) and Auckland (Auckland Field). WRN officials said they expect their volcano risk methodology will prove to be valuable in assessing risk in these other areas beyond Europe and its territories.
Volcano raises concern in Italy
By Sandra Jontz, Stars and Stripes
European edition, Wednesday, April 7, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - The walls of Europe's largest undersea volcano appear fragile and an eruption could cause a tsunami that would engulf much of southern Italy, causing certain death and destruction, an Italian volcanologist said.
The latest research from Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology shows the undersea volcano Marsili, about 90 miles southwest of Italy's third-largest city of Naples, is in fact, active, said Giuseppe D'Anna, the institute's technological manager.
"We've known it's been there, maybe for about 40 years, but never really were able to study it until recently," D'Anna said in a recent interview from his office in Cefalu, near Palermo, Sicily.
"Finally, we were able to send down equipment - and the recent results show that it is an active volcano."
If the volcano were to spew its accumulating magma, the eruption would send forth a tsunami that would overwhelm Italy's southern regions of Campania, Calabria and the island of Sicily, D'Anna said.
D'Anna's predictions to Stars and Stripes, however, weren't as alarmist as those of institute president Enzo Boschi. Boschi was quoted recently in an Italian daily newspaper, Corriere Della Sera, as saying that collected data indicates "the volcano is active and could suddenly erupt. … It could happen even tomorrow."
"Well, I don't know about tomorrow," D'Anna said with a slight chuckle, "but our research indicates the walls are weak and there has been a measurable build up of magma in the chambers over the past several years.
"If it were to erupt, it could generate a tsunami that would impact much, if not all, of southern Italy."
However, he added, there is no way of predicting how high of waves an eruption would generate.
Marsili is about 9,800 feet tall, and its crater is about 1,500-feet below the sea's surface. The mountain measures slightly less than 45 miles long and 18 miles wide.
Unlike the island volcano of Stromboli, near Sicily, Marsili has not erupted in modern history, making it more dangerous, D'Anna said. Constant eruptions provide a release of energy and pressure for both Stromboli and Mount Etna, located on Sicily and Europe's largest surface active volcano.
Mount Vesuvius, which looms over Naples, technically is dormant, but is one of the most monitored volcanoes on the planet. And unlike Marsili, surfacing lava from Vesuvius would have to break through encrusted rock covering a chamber that is four to six miles below the mouth - an activity that would spur earthquakes, but no spontaneous and surprise eruption, scientists have said.
With U.S. military forces and their families living in the back yard of both Vesuvius and Etna, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes long have been a scenario tested in Navy disaster preparedness drills.
The Navy is aware of the institute's recent report on Marsili, but has not developed a scenario based on a tsunami, a Navy spokesman in Naples said.
"Natural disasters are something the regional staff, and in turn, the bases are always encouraged to pay attention to," Lt. Brian Badura said. "Like many parts of the world … we live in an area highly susceptible to earthquakes."
Routinely, people are reminded to have emergency kits and plans ready, he said. "If something were to happen, families need to know what to do."
After Hours: Italy, Di Francia Castello
By Lisa M. Novak, Stars and Stripes
Scene, Sunday, March 28, 210
If opulence, elegance and deep pockets are your thing, head to the Di Francia Castello reception and restaurant complex set high atop the volcanic hills of Pozzuoli, part of the Italian city of Naples.
It's hard to miss the crenelated castle walls and the huge yellow illuminated sign easily visible from the toll road running through downtown Naples.
The grounds are tiled in mosaic and include several large outdoor areas where drinks are served, and on special occasions an outdoor buffet of appetizers, fruits and pastries is available. There is also a small playground to keep the little ones occupied.
The main feature is the huge reception hall for weddings or other special occasions. Next to it is the complex's restaurant, La Locanda (which means "The Inn"), where a rotating staff of six chefs prepare a mix of local and international cuisine with fresh but expensive ingredients.
The appetizers start at 15 euros, and head north to 250 euros - though, to be fair, that last price was for an ounce of Beluga caviar. A bowl of soup runs about 18 euros, and the main courses are in the 20-40 euro range. Of course, if you pick one of the fresh lobsters out of a tank, you can pay upward of 100 euros per kilogram.
Obviously Castello, which opened in 1950, is not for the faint of wallet. And it's not a place for casual attire either. This is where the elite of Naples gather. You might catch a glimpse of leading politicians, professional athletes, actors, musicians and other prominent citizens, according to Antonio Palmese, who has been the establishment's director for the past few decades.
A model of discretion, Palmese wouldn't drop names, but did say that he's hosted grand wedding receptions for up to 300 people.
Just inside the restaurant is what looks like a living room, with assorted leather couches, a coffee bar and breathtaking views of the islands of Capri, Procida and Ischia. Live piano music entertains guests Friday and Saturday nights.
The menu is well represented with rice and seafood dishes, and the drink selection is quite impressive. There are hundreds of different wines to choose from, including the restaurant's own house label. It also has a generous spread of spirits from all over, including aged whiskies and bourbons from the States.
The staff makes its own pastries and wedding cakes. Speaking of weddings, if you want to book Castello, you need to do so a year or two in advance, Palmese said. You might want to call now - even if you're not engaged.
'Saviour of Santo Stefano': One man's crusade to save southern Italy's ancient villages
By Peter Popham
The Independent, Sunday, 18 April 2010
Daniele Kihlgren came around the Gran Sasso mountain on his motorbike one day 11 years ago and saw Santo Stefano di Sessanio shining in the distance, and it was, he says, "una folgorazione" - "an electric shock". High stone walls shoot up from the mountain's flank, as a crenellated tower floats above the terracotta roofs. Inside, narrow lanes corkscrew towards the summit, here and there giving on to small piazzas and sunlit courtyards. It is a city in miniature: anyone who has seen the Tuscan or Umbrian hill towns knows the form. But in the case of Santo Stefano, it sat in perfect harmony with the woods and rolling foothills of Gran Sasso. Italy's rampant cement industry had got nowhere near: the place was pristine - and practically abandoned, with a population of about 100.
Kihlgren, who is a wealthy man, fell in love with Santo Stefano and bought his first house there and then. Soon, he owned eight more, and a quarter of the town, the owners long since lost to New Jersey or Toronto, was in his pocket.
What he did with them all is now well known. He struck an unprecedented deal with the local authority: in return for a guarantee of inedificabilita - a blanket ban on new building - he promised to invest serious quantities of money in bringing it back to life. Five years after he first set eyes on the village, and after an investment of €4.5m, Sextantio threw open its doors, and introduced discerning travellers from Italy and elsewhere to a face of the rugged Abruzzo region that they had never seen before, and an entirely new type of hotel: what he calls an "albergo diffuso", a "scattered hotel". No new structures were required; instead, reception, restaurant and guest-rooms occupied different medieval cottages clustered together on the town's slopes.
It was an immediate hit: in 2004, the year the hotel opened, the town had 79 beds available for guests, which were occupied for a total of 285 room-nights. Sextantio added 23 rooms to the total, and by 2008, the number of room-nights had leapt to 7,300. Kihlgren was also renovating a few village houses for sale, at wildly exorbitant prices by local standards. Soon, the mayors of half the dying hill towns of southern Italy, from Abruzzo to Calabria, were knocking on Kihlgren's door, demanding the same medicine.
Then, at 3.30am on the morning of 6 April 2009, the earth of Abruzzo quaked.
Daniele Kihlgren owes his money to cement, but he has devoted his life to stopping its advance. Though the phrase "consuming passion" trips lightly off the tongue, it is rare to find the real thing - but Kihlgren has it. I was with him for two days and he never slowed down. He never stopped talking. He has thrown all his energy into thwarting the plans of the Italian cement industry, to which his family's company belongs, to cover what remains of the peninsula in the stuff.
Italy has an insatiable appetite for cement. And this is unfortunate. They splash it around all over the place, especially where they shouldn't.
Wonderful, ancient cities such as Rome and Naples are encased in armatures of reinforced concrete housing estates. Lax and corrupt planning regimes up and down the country - particularly down - mean that the green hills of Lazio and Campania and Sicily, so pretty under the Mezzogiorno sun, are littered with modern, cement-made villas. Each enjoys the magnificent view which it plays its own small part in ruining. The developments have no logic except to keep on keeping on, until such once-upon-a-time beauty spots are carpeted in the products of Italcement, Caltagirone and Milesi, the Kihlgren family firm. There is no reason why the process should come to a halt: once the pristine countryside has been violated a few times, there is no longer anything to preserve.
Why don't they get it? Why don't they see what they are ruining so casually? With the exception of a few places such as Tuscany, where for the most part the authorities have had the wit to keep things in check, all of Italy is going this way.
The only other places remaining immune are those that are so poor, so thinly populated, so marginalised by history, so miserable in their destiny, that the national delight in splashing cement around stops a few miles short: places such as Santo Stefano. They are not wiser, more virtuous or far-seeing. They are just more broke. But they may also, by the caprice of history and trade, happen to be stunningly beautiful - in which case, the fortunes of the past and the misfortunes of the present unite to give Kihlgren what he, and only he, realised was an amazing opportunity.
Kihlgren had a messy upbringing. His father Bertil, son of a Swedish diplomat, married Rosella Milesi Saraval, member of a family from Bergamo, northern Italy, which had grown rich on cement. His parents split up when he was two; Kihlgren, a rebellious, tormented child, was expelled from three schools in Milan. In the process, he acquired an abiding hatred of communism, to which all of his schoolmates and their parents adhered - "a religion in Italy", he calls it.
Rejecting the polite Italian north in favour of the rackety and chaotic south, he studied philosophy at the University of Naples. He dabbled in hard drugs (his elder brother Edoardo was to die from a heroin overdose), and became HIV positive after using an infected needle. The only symptom of the virus is chronic fatigue, from which he has suffered for more than 20 years; he has tried every possible cure without success. Today, he gives the impression of a man driven by demons, haggard and groggy with fatigue but unable to slacken his pace. He talks a mile a minute, and rambles from subject to subject like a drunk with verbal diarrhoea - with the difference that most of the time he makes sense.
Kihlgren insists that he is "italianissimo" despite his "barbarous" name and his foreign blood, and superficially it is true: born and raised in Milan, he speaks no Swedish ("a very ugly language, all that gasping"). But his looks are perfectly Scandinavian, and his wealthy, cosmopolitan upbringing and random wanderings have left him with a very un-Italian way of looking at the world, and at Italy in particular.
The insight which changed his life, and which has the potential to change the destiny of swathes of southern Italy, too, came to him 20 years ago, on his first motorbike tour of the country, when he visited Agrigento on the southern coast of Sicily, celebrated for its marvellously intact ancient Greek temples - and notorious for the ugly modern development that now crowds around them.
"I arrived in the Valley of the Temples and I asked myself, how could they be such idiots as to ruin this beautiful heritage?" he says. "The man who builds his house more or less illegally here, next door to the temples, is doing damage to himself. If they preserved the beauty of the area, they could take in guests at €300 per night.
It was an aesthetic judgement - revulsion from the insensate ugliness that modern man has thrown up within spitting distance of some of the greatest glories of the ancient world - but framed as an economic insight: if they had followed the dictates of beauty instead of ignoring them, the people of Agrigento could have wound up rich. They could have dug themselves out of their holes, instead of fouling the beauty that the past bequeathed them. It is the same insight that he has brought to the mountains of Abruzzo.
After the excesses of his early twenties (today he is 43), Kihlgren found some equilibrium in Pescara, on Abruzzo's Adriatic coast. He moved into a large, plain house on land owned by his family and made an approximation of settling down. He began collecting stray dogs, of which he now has more than 15, and found what he calls the love of his life, a bulldog called Clementina, with whom he shared his bed; she has been replaced, since her death, by two more, Melone and Hollypop. Kihlgren has had plenty of human girlfriends, too, but the compulsory presence in his bed of not one but two large, flatulent dogs makes the arrival of a Mrs Kihlgren vanishingly unlikely. And anyway, bulldogs aside, there really is no room for another passion in his life.
The mountainous region of Abruzzo has always been a poor, marginal territory compared with its lower-lying neighbours, subsistence farming allowing for little in the way of architectural flourishes. But, as the finely worked details of its arches, windows, cornices and courtyards suggest, Santo Stefano, east of the capital, L'Aquila, was different.
In the Middle Ages, it was part of the Barony of Carapelle, a large estate in the hands of Florence's ruling Medici family. As a fuelling stop for the cross-country wool trade, there had been a settlement here since pre-Roman times: as late as the 18th century, remains of the ancient settlement, Sextantio, were still in evidence, though later all the stones were filched for new homes. And as the Europe-wide demand for wool continued to grow, the town prospered and grew in size and sophistication - while always retaining, at 1,250 metres above sea level and 150km distant from Rome, the sense of being somehow mysterious, far away from the teeming cities of Rome and Florence, with its own mountain wisdom and mountain cults, not under the thumb of the Pope.
Then the Italian wool trade went into a steep decline, crippled by competition from abroad, and Santo Stefano - too high up to branch out into other forms of agriculture - lost its raison d'être, and, as a consequence, its population, too.
The good fortune of the town was that its emigrating citizens did not stop at Belgium or the Ruhr Valley, but crossed the Atlantic in search of work. Santo Stefano was thus spared the fringe of pseudo-Tyrolean villas and other inanities which ruin the look of towns whose residents wandered no further than Italy's back door in search of work, then came home when they had made their money.
I first visited Santo Stefano on 10 April 2009, four days after last year's disastrous earthquake (the epicentre of which had been near L'Aquila). Vittorio Sgarbi, the volcanic Italian art critic and trouble-maker, urged me to go and see how they had coped with the seismic waves. I was greatly impressed: all the houses in the albergo diffuso had been invisibly reinforced in the course of reconstruction and had suffered no harm. The only damage was a hairline crack in the wall of one bathroom.
The rest of the town was a different matter. A cement viewing platform inserted at the top of the medieval tower decades before Kihlgren's arrival caused the tower to tumble to the ground, and many other houses were badly damaged. Today, one year on, scaffolding buttresses many of the town's high walls, wooden frames prop up ancient arches, and all that remains of the medieval tower is a scaffolding phantom of the original structure. The town's only through-road was closed until a few weeks ago.
Despite the mess left by the quake, Kihlgren's faith in his project is unshaken. The morning after I arrived, he and his colleagues Innocenzo and Antonio were hard at work on the project's next phase, which involves turning more of the ancient stone cottages into exquisitely desirable holiday homes. The challenge is to do this without sacrificing their souls - in fact, reassembling or reinventing the houses' souls along the way. It is painstaking work in which serendipity plays a large part. But slowly, through trial and error, they are getting close.
Antonio and a village lad stagger in with an old oak door they have unearthed. "Feel the weight of it," says Antonio. It weighs a ton; I can barely get it off the ground. "Molto spartana," ("Very spartan") he says approvingly, and shows me how the door's rough-hewn back reveals that its timbers were hacked directly from a tree trunk. This will do for the door of a closet in the house. '
"Look at this plaster," says Kihlgren fondly from the other side of the room, peering at the wall, which is black with age and smoke and crazed with tiny cracks. Ripe, you would assume, for the plasterer's trowel and a few coats of emulsion - but you would be wrong. This is the surface which emerged after all the decorators' improvements of the past decades had been scraped away, and like the oak door, it breathes the village's medieval life of hardship and simple, frugal beauty - in a place where the Middle Ages finished, Kihlgren claims, only after the Second World War.
Sextantio was a labour of love - but also of keen commercial intelligence. Kihlgren the cosmopolitan saw, as his compatriots failed to, that what foreign visitors love about Tuscany besides its villas, weather and food, is that it is unspoiled - its beauty, at best, is not fatally compromised by the haphazard sprouting of modern development. But in Abruzzo, inedificabilita - the principle that nothing new will be built - is one it has taken him immense effort to get accepted.
"This region was the theatre of a history which finished with emigration and abandonment," Kihlgren says. "That was the end of these towns, but also the reason why they remained as they were, with their values and their uncontaminated relationship with the countryside. And I don't think it's utopian of me to believe that these values can become the real engine of the economy here."
The media, especially the international media, reported the Sextantio project and enthusiasm, and Italy-lovers began to pour in. The value of local property soared, and a revival in local crafts got under way as Kihlgren bent over backwards to source everything, from the restaurant's recipes and food supplies to the handwoven bedspreads in the guest-rooms, to craftspeople in and around the town.
His effort was unprecedented because the heritage of places such as Santo Stefano, he says, has never been given much respect within Italy. "The bourgeoisie was committed to spreading what in Italy represented culture - Rome and nothing else. Only towns which were deliberately planned were accorded respect; spontaneously created towns such as Santo Stefano, which came into being with no deliberate plan and which find their greatest expression in the relationship between town and countryside, these were never considered important.
"I know perfectly well how carefully we preserve the statues of Canova, paintings, important palaces and so on. But the significance of these villages, whose real added value is that they have a relationship with the countryside, has always been dismissed." And this blindness to their beauty, together with the laxity of local planning regulation, leads to their casual destruction. "Why on earth," Kihlgren raves, "when they have the potential to be tourist destinations, when there is absolutely no need to build anything new for industry or for any other purpose, do they continue to build in these places - and always in reinforced concrete?"
Sextantio faced down last year's earthquake, but the timing was atrocious for Kihlgren. Coupled with the economic crisis that arrived six months later, it has given his project the biggest challenge of its young life. Kihlgren's company has bought six other villages which are to receive the Santo Stefano treatment, and already a similar project is up and running in the caves of the city of Matera in Basilicata, which has proved a big hit. But because of the earthquake, Santo Stefano itself, which was intended to be the locomotive of the whole enterprise, is stuck in the tracks.
Before the earthquake, Kihlgren and his team had prepared six abandoned houses for sale; six more are under preparation now. But since the disaster, the selling market is at a standstill. With the town still full of scaffolding and visible damage from the earthquake, no one is in a mood to invest - especially when a small, diligently restructured cottage in the town comes with an asking price of more than €200,000.
The hotel, too, is still suffering from the post-earthquake blight. "The earthquake showed we are doing the right thing in that we sustained no damage," says Maurizio Guccione, Sextantio's managing director, in his office in Kihlgren's Pescara headquarters, "but tourists haven't started coming back to Abruzzo, and that includes Santo Stefano." As the road into the town had been impassable, the hotel has seen no visitors at all since the disaster. The only exception was a wedding last June - two Irish families who "were determined to come, despite the road problem".
Now that the road is open again, the hotel is coming back to life: six weddings are booked and they have 15 reservations for conferences. "But selling houses remains a problem," says Guccione. "Buying a house in a village that has been so visibly damaged is embarrassing. It's a matter of waiting until the memory of earthquake passes for the market to recover."
But Kihlgren is in no mood to wait - and as the sober men he has placed in charge of Sextantio will not put the company's existence on the line, he has gone ahead without them.
In addition to the six towns already purchased, he has bought three more out of his own pocket, with which he intends to show the world where the Santo Stefano idea is headed. To help him, he has enlisted the co-operation of the top British architect David Chipperfield. They are planning "a series of prototypes" in Chipperfield's words; after that, it's the wide world. "All I need is 30 towns," Kihlgren says. "Thirty towns from Calabria to Abruzzo and we can save the south of Italy."
"When I first turned up in Santo Stefano, they thought I was a simpleton," he says. "When I bought the houses, they thought I was an idiot." Even today, with Sextantio's success an acknowledged fact, his manic manner makes him seem more raving fantasist than hard-headed businessman. And the fact is that the two elements in his character are thoroughly intermixed. But there is no doubt that he is a visionary. "He is an irrepressible force, uncontaminated, motivated by ideas," says Chipperfield. "He has levels of naivety that I find convincing. His approach is charming. And it seems to us to have a large relevance, not only to how to deal with old villages but with the whole Italian system, which always works up huge, overarching systems but then achieves nothing. I'm not just interested in his approach to building, but also his way of operating within the culture."
Kihlgren takes us to one of the three new towns he has bought. It is on the other side of the Gran Sasso from Santo Stefano, closer to Pescara, and only a few minutes from the Rome-Pescara autostrada. We drive through a decaying, nondescript village called Musellaro, through a discouraging small suburb of undistinguished modern homes, then follow our leader down a narrow track by the side of a cliff.
Turning a corner, where the modern houses end, we see what he saw: climbing steeply down the overgrown hillside, towards a river, is a village of stone houses. Totally abandoned many decades ago, most of them are without roofs, many missing one or more walls. But they hang together as a village unit, and all confront a stupendous view of the huge, distant form, the vast, slumbering bulldog of Mount Maiella.
Italian Match-Fixing Scandal Surfaces
ROME (AP) - Italian Football Federation officials are awaiting developments in a criminal court case in Naples as they consider opening a new investigation into the match-fixing scandal that rocked the national sport four years ago.
For several days, Italian media have printed alleged phone-tap conversations linking Inter Milan and other clubs to the scandal.
Inter was awarded the 2006 Serie A title after Juventus was stripped of the honor and relegated to Serie B due to its role in the scandal.
The Gazzetta dello Sport reported on Wednesday that Italian Football Federation president Giancarlo Abete and federation prosecutor Stefano Palazzi met on Tuesday to discuss the matter.
It's unclear, however, if the statute of limitations in the case has expired.
The new phone taps came to light as part of the defense of former Juventus executive Luciano Moggi in the Naples case, with Moggi arguing that all the teams were in contact with refereeing officials.
In the purported conversations -- as printed in the Gazzetta -- Inter president Massimo Moratti is heard talking with referee selector Paolo Bergamo about the match officials for an Italian Cup game that Inter went on to win 3-1 over Bologna in January 2005.
Moratti has rejected the new allegations as "ridiculous and shameful," while Bergamo maintains that he "always spoke regularly with all the club presidents."
Juventus issued a statement Wednesday, saying it was watching the Naples case closely and it "expects that the organs of justice will secure equal treatment for all."
Another former Juventus executive, Antonio Giraudo, already has received a three-year sentence from the Naples court on charges of criminal association aimed at committing sports fraud.
Moggi and Giraudo were banned from football for five years by a sports court for influencing the outcome of matches. They deny wrongdoing.
Juventus was stripped of its 2005 and '06 Serie A titles and relegated to the second division with a nine-point penalty. It immediately won promotion back to Serie A.
The scandal was the biggest corruption case in the history of Italian football. Besides Juventus, three other big clubs -- AC Milan, Lazio and Fiorentina -- were penalized, as were Reggina and Arezzo. Copyright 2010 The Associated Press.
Naples-area mafia boss nabbed
Apr 15, 2010
ROME - POLICE on Wednesday arrested the boss of the Naples-area Camorra mafia, Nicola Panaro, considered one of Italy's 30 most dangerous fugitives, the ANSA news agency reported.
The 41-year-old head of the most powerful Camorra clan the Casalesi had been on the run for seven years, ANSA said.
Interior Minister Roberto Maroni hailed the arrest as 'another extraordinary success by the state against the Camorra.' Late last month police arrested 12 alleged members of the Casalesi clan including the father and brother of Michele Zagaria, a boss who has been on the run for 15 years.
Last week authorities seized land and buildings worth more than 700 million euros ($1.3 billion) from suspected Camorra mafia members in what Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi called the biggest operation of its kind.
The Camorra are one of Italy's four organised crime syndicates. -- AFP
Berlusconi Criticizes Gomorrah, Says it is "Promotional Support" for Mafia
Nicola Orichuia
Posted: April 18, 2010 02:59 PM
Every morning, just before opening the dozens of Italian news websites I look at each day, I prepare myself mentally to some other embarrassing statement by Prime minister Silvio Berlusconi.
But what I read last week wasn't embarrassing. It was shocking and repulsive.
During a press conference on the Italian government's efforts to fight the mafia, Berlusconi started criticizing the "promotional support" that certain TV series or literature, such as Gomorrah by Roberto Saviano, give to the mafia.
First of all, let me say that the statement is simply ridiculous. It's equivalent to saying that Nazism is famous because Primo Levi and Elie Wiesel wrote about it.
I don't know if Berlusconi ever read the book Gomorrah, but his statements tell me he hasn't.
Gomorrah is a powerful, courageous and journalistically impeccable piece of non-fiction, which brilliantly exposes facts, events, court rulings and arrests involving members of the Camorra, the organized crime prevalent in the southern Campania region.
I find Berlusconi's statement shocking because he implies that reading about the mafia is counter-productive. Maybe Berlusconi also implies that reading in general is counter-productive. Reading gives people knowledge. The nazis burned books because it was not tolerable to have an alternative truth to the one pronounced by the regime.
In modern-day regimes, in which a few powerful people continue to rape their country's democratic constitution, books aren't being burnt. It isn't necessary. All you need is a TV channel, a lot of money and a number of dumb shows to keep the mind occupied until it becomes total mush and people stop thinking.
Berlusconi has done just that. In the 1980s he introduced Italians to all sorts of TV-trash through his three private channels (one of which has been ruled illegal and unconstitutional) and now is happily joining forces with the racist and xenophobe Lega Nord party to change Italy's constitution and the delicate balance of powers between president, government and parliament.
I also find Berlusconi's criticism of Gomorrah repulsive.
It is repulsive in that Berlusconi doesn't mention that that book has cost its author his freedom because the Camorra clans surrounding Naples have set out to kill him.
Berlusconi willingly omits that Roberto Saviano is under 24/7 police protection and in hiding ever since the book was published. By telling the truth about Campania's organized crime, Saviano has paid a high price and should be considered a hero. Criticizing him, his book or just the idea of writing a book on mafia means the government does not like people like Saviano going around telling the truth.
I find it impossible to justify Berlusconi's point of view. Essentially, what he's saying is that fighting organized crime should be a job left solely to the government and police forces. Literature is not contemplated in his plans to fight mafia.
What Berlusconi doesn't understand, or maybe he's just pretending to not understand, is that the only way to fight mafia efficiently is to let people know about it, about how its mechanisms work, about how complicated and well organized the criminal groups are and how these groups influence the lives of so many people who might not want anything to do with mafia, but find themselves living next door to it.
Arresting hundreds or thousands of members of the Mafia, of the Camorra, of the 'Ndrangheta, of the Sacra Corona Unita, will do no good if it is not sided by a serious and efficient educational campaign. People can always be replaced.
If I were Berlusconi, I would praise Saviano and his efforts to illuminate the situation and would make it a mandatory book to read in all of Italy, because the book involves the entire nation. It is such a tragic and true story that I'm sure only good can come out of it when younger generations grow up with the knowledge of what's happening to their brothers and sisters in and around Naples
Monday, March 22, 2010
'Just realized that it's been almost two months since the last FSHSGRAM..
Ciao, Tutti!
'Just realized that it's been almost two months since the last FSHSGRAM...got a couple of emails from Wildcats during the weekend, asking if I were "still around." Not quite sure what that meant.
Yep...just very busy at Gryphon Technologies –– among other projects, my group supports two annual publications for the Chief of Naval Operations and Commandant USMC that come due in February/March –– and I had deadlines for several "outside" publications and lectures at the Bettis Atomic Power Lab...the days just got away from me.
And, then there were the Great Snows of February Ought-10: record-setting 45 inches of snow in two back-to-back storms that pummeled the Annapolis area and closed down federal, state and local governments...
But, I appreciate the concern: Yep, "still around!"
Andiamo!
Speaking of Italian Pizza...
A friend sent this YouTube URL of a Canadian video clip from 1957 about popular "new" Italian dish called "pizza pie":
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
For those of us who do remember the 1950s...who can't forget the Chef Boy-Ar-Dee canned pizza...with its cardboard-like crust!
YUM...MIE!!!
And, Speaking of Oldies...
I'm not sure if I forwarded the attached file -- "Pepsi, Italian Style" -- but, even if so, it's worth seeing again.
New in FSHSWACD
'Found several wayward Wildcats since January, who are new to the FSHSWACD:
- Kate Caughery Mack, FSHS70, katecmack@comcast.net
- Deanne Monique Hoppmeyer Hingle “Hoppy”, FSHS82, curly_d@verizon.net
- April Lynn Francis Barnett, FSHS84, pooh82286@aol.com
- Edmond Scott Pittman "Scottie" "Tiziano" "Pepino", FSHS80, espe@bonsai-finearts.com
- Susan Panzer Jackson, FSHS81, susanmj2004@yahoo.com
- Michele Marie Martin, FSHS84, mmmartin99@hotmail.com
- Frank Stewart, FSHS72, sappleseed@hotmail.com
My FSHSWACD co-editor, Pat Carter Bryant FSHS68, and I will send out an updated FSHSWACD next month. So, if you're in the database but your record needs revising, please send changes to me. If you're not in the FSHSWACD but want to be included, please complete as much or as little information as you want...
FSHS Wildcats Alumni Contacts Database Notional Record/Data Fields
Name: (First, Middle, Last or Last/Maiden and Last/Married, or Last/Divorced, "Nickname")
Title: (JD, PhD, Miss, MD, II, Jr., etc...FSHS Teacher/Administrator/Parent..
Napoli: (the actual years you lived in Napoli)
Where in Napoli: (where you lived...Via Manzoni, Via Petrarca, Parco Azurro, Arco Felice...)
FSHS Class: (graduation year, whether you graduated from FSHS or not)
High School Graduated: (FSHS or other HS)
Email Address 1:
Email Address 2:
Company:
Snailmail Street/POB Address:
Snailmail Street/POB Address:
Phone(s): (Home / Work / Cell)
Comments: (brief mention of anything particularly important to you about your Napoli/FSHS experience...)
...and return to me. I'll get all the changes and new information into the Word file, and Pat will update the Excel file. I'll send out both to all on distro (1,250 email addresses!!) in mid-April.
Reunions and Such
A few of us -- Vonna Brode Thomas FSHS67, Debbie King Dunn FSHS68, Staff Dunn FSHS68 and I (accompanied by spouses Mark Thomas and Annmarie Truver) -- spent a long weekend 12-17 February eating and drinking our way through central/Gulf Coast Florida –– a mini-reunion of sorts. (Yes, Steve Rann FSHS67 and Fred Cannon FSHS68, we did talk about you....) Had a great time!
I recall seeing some info on an of an upcoming Overseas Brats reunion in Reston, VA, 5-8 August. Theresa Dickie Branscome FSHS78 (dickiemt@aol.com) is interested in pulling together a Napoli cohort for the festivities. The URL for the event is:
http://www.overseasbrats.com/
More to come, I'm sure!
That's about it for today. Napoli News attached below. Don't forget to send your FSHSWACD info for the April 2010 update. Grazie!
Saluti!
Scott T FSHS68
Napoli News
Italy private schools pound DODDS teams Stars and Stripes
European edition, Sunday, March 21, 2010
The Italian private schools boys' teams that usually dominate Region IV got right to the point Saturday by pinning an aggregate 19-3 defeat on their three DODDS-Europe opponents on opening day of the high school soccer season.
Marymount International School of Rome blanked Aviano 8-0, the American Overseas School of Rome thumped visiting 2009 European small-schools runner-up Sigonella 7-2, and Milan turned back visiting Naples 4-1 as a handful of teams got the 2010 season under way. Just 12 games, six each for boys and girls, were on the schedule, with eight of those scheduled for Italy.
Marymount boys 8, Aviano 0: At Aviano, Alessandro Ramacciato scored two of his three goals to go with a fourth-minute strike by Alessio Cangi and a 12th-minute tally by Paolo Muir to gave the Royals a 4-0 halftime lead. The onslaught came, according to coach Mark Fix, despite heroic efforts by Aviano keeper Sean Wilson, who left the game with an injury just after intermission. The scoring avalanche continued in the second half with goals by Ramacciato, Mario Checi Gori, Nirosa Liayantha and Nicolo Manci.
Milan boys 4, Naples 1: At Milan, Alessandro Guarnieri scored twice to pace the Panthers. Justin Biery's first-half strike was the only scoring Naples could manage.
Naples girls 1, Milan 0: At Milan, the Wildcats' defense made All-European Hayley Witz's first-half goal stand up. [Bravo Zulu Hayley!]
AOSR boys 7, Sigonella 2: At Rome, Giacomo Castelli and Pietro Dinmor each put two shots past All-Europe goalkeeper Conor Quinn. Castelli and Dinmor also each added an assist for AOSR. Tyler Reed scored Sigonella's goals, both in the second half. Reed's first goal, two minutes after intermission, was unassisted; his second, in the 79th minute, came off a feed from his brother, Patrick. Quinn stopped 11 of AOSR's 18 shots on goal.
Marymount girls 2, Aviano 1: At Aviano, All-European Elena Carrarini had a hand in Marymount's two second-half goals, setting up Caroline Wiley for a 52nd-minute strike that tied the game 1-1, then scoring unassisted 17 minutes later for the decisive goal.
Junior Cheryl Craver gave Aviano a 1-0 lead with a 12th-minute tally.
AFNORTH girls 3, Lakenheath 1: At Lakenheath, Kaylee Harless, Stephanie Seitz and all-European Kaylee Wilstead provided the goals for the Lady Lions in the day's lone Region I game.
Lakenheath boys 3, AFNORTH 0: Host Lakenheath pinned a shutout on its two-time defending European champion guests. No details were available at press time Saturday.
Alberto Gilardino scores twice as
Fiorentina rallies to beat Napoli 3-1THE ASSOCIATED PRESS (CP) - Mar 13, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - Alberto Gilardino's two goals gave Fiorentina a come-from-behind 3-1 win over Napoli in Saturday's only Serie A game.
Fiorentina was eliminated from the Champions League despite beating Bayern Munich on Tuesday and hadn't won an away game in more than two months.
Ezequiel Lavezzi gave Napoli the lead in the 48th minute and Gilardino hit back in the 60th and 87th. Stevan Jovetic added a third score for Fiorentina into an empty net when Napoli goalkeeper Morgan De Sanctis rushed forward in a last-ditch attempt to equalize in added time.
Napoli remained seventh with 41 points and Fiorentina is 10th with 38 points.
Napoli threatened more in the first half but Fiorentina goalkeeper Sebastien Frey stretched out to save a header from German Denis in the 32nd.
Lavezzi found the target with a header from the edge of the area following a cross from Cristian Maggio and the hosts had two more chances in the next 10 minutes before Gilardino headed in the equalizer from a Jovetic cross.
The Italy centre forward scored again three minutes from time following a corner, redirecting Jovetic's header slightly with his own head, as Napoli appealed for an offside call that never came.
Back in business:
Pompeii snack bar re-opens... nearly 2000 years after
it was destroyed by the eruption of Mt Vesuvius By Rhianna King
Last updatedfs at 4:42 PM on 20th March 2010
In AD79 it was Pompeii's most popular hang out, where locals would stop off to meet friends and partake in a snack of baked cheese smothered in honey.
Now, nearly 2000 years after the Italian city was buried under ash and rubble by the devastating eruption of Mount Vesuvius, its favourite snack bar has re-opened.
For the first time the thermopolium, as it is called in Italy, will be open to tourists after having undergone and excavation and restoration process over the past few months.
Tomorrow 300 VIPs selected at random will attend an advance opening of the snack bar where they will enjoy a taste of Roman cafe society, including the sweet, calorific treats enjoyed by the all sections of Pompeii society before the city was destroyed.
Pompeii, which is near Naples in the Italian region of Campania, was destroyed, and completely buried, during a catastrophic two-day eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius on August 24, 79AD.
The volcano collapsed higher roof-lines and buried Pompeii under many meters of ash and pumice, and it was lost for nearly 1700 years before its accidental rediscovery in 1748.
Since then, its excavation has provided an extraordinarily detailed insight into life during the Roman Empire.
Visitors to the thermopolium will be taken on a guided tour of Vetutius Placidus's snack bar which features an L-shaped counter and a painting on its back wall depicting Mercury, the god of commerce and Bacchus, the god of wine.
The thermopolium features a cellar, garden and dining area - or triclinium, which was decorated with a painting showing the rape of Europa with Jupiter disgused as a bull.
Excavations suggest the internal garden once featured a pergola, herb garden and grapevines.
The snack bar has been closed for years in order to protect if from further damage. But soon all visitors will be able to venture inside to get a taste of an ancient Roman cafe.
The bar used to face onto a main street, the Via dell'Abbondanza, and all sections of society would call in for a Mediterranean lunch or the famous snack of ricotta cheese and sticky honey.
Archaeologists working at the site also found a jar full of coins, amounting to about two days' income. They believe the owner may have left them as he fled the doomed city.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/
Finding the best pizza in NaplesBy Marie Maguire
Contra Costa Times
Forget the pepperoni and mushrooms. And don't even think about sausage. In Naples, you start with the basics.
If the sauce isn't rich and gooey, if the cheese isn't oozing and if the crust isn't paper thin and smelling like it just came out of a wood-fire oven, then you are not eating a genuine Neapolitan pizza. And heaven help the person who made it for you.
Naples jealously guards its reputation as the city that invented pizza, and its pizza police are sticklers about the rules. Tomatoes must be grown in the rich, volcanic soil surrounding the city. Mozzarella must come from buffalo milk. And then there are the baking instructions -- the pizza must have an irregular shape to prove it's been made by hand and it can only spend a short time in that wood-burning oven.
On our first night, we went for a classic. The most authentic, by pizza police standards, are the margherita -- with tomato, mozzarella and basil -- and the marinara -- with tomato, oregano and garlic.
Because authenticity was our goal, we decided to try Da Michele. Although not the oldest pizzeria in Italy, Da Michele has been in business since the 1870s and is known for its adherence to tradition. It is a no-nonsense restaurant that serves only the marinara and the margherita.
Our pizza was an example of simplicity at its finest. The thin crust sizzled, and the tomato sauce and mozzarella blended beautifully. It was so delicate, we couldn't eat it with our hands. We had to use a knife and fork.
On our second night, we tried one of Da Michele's competitors, Trianon, just across the street. Trianon started in the 1930s and has been popular with the young crowd for several years. Its menu has wider selection than Da Michele, but those selections are still based on the important margherita pizza, just with the addition of one or two toppings. We ordered ours with prosciutto and mushrooms. The Italian ham mixed well with the mozzarella, and we left well satisfied.
On the third evening, our hotel clerk asked, ``Do you want to taste the best pizza in Naples?'' Of course, we did. So, he directed us to Il Pizzaiolo del Presidente.
In 1997, while in town for the G7 summit, President Bill Clinton stopped at Di Matteo, owned by pizza maker Ernesto Cacialli's brother. Accounts of what happened next vary. Some say Clinton had a slice of Cacialli's pizza while he stood in the street and chatted with passersby. Others say he ate two pizzas by himself.
No matter what version you believe, Cacialli started his own restaurant shortly after Clinton's visit and secured his reputation in pizza lore.
On this, our final night, we reverted to American tastes. We ordered a pizza with the works -- ham, artichoke hearts, eggplant and mushrooms on the traditional margherita. It was outstanding, but again tradition prevailed. The pizza, called the quattro, was divided into sections. No section had more than two toppings.
Red-Coral Rescue Plans Endanger Italy's Coastal Jewelry MakersMarch 10, 2010, 7:22 PM EST
Businessweek
Flavia Krause-Jackson and Alex Morales
With assistance from Flavia Rotondi in Rome. Editors: Jennifer Freedman, Andrew Davis
March 11 (Bloomberg) -- The people of Torre del Greco, 10 miles south of Naples, have lived off the red corals found in the Mediterranean Sea for more than two millennia. A proposal to list the species as endangered may push the seaside town's $217 million-a-year coral industry into extinction.
The U.S., the largest consumer of corals for use in decoration and jewelry, is proposing that all 31 species of red and pink coral be added to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, or CITES, treaty at a meeting in Doha, Qatar, starting March 13. The European Union, of which Italy is a member, backed the plan yesterday while asking for an 18-month delay in implementation.
“We've survived world wars, economic crises and anything God and Mount Vesuvius have thrown at us, but this will kill us,” said Antonino de Simone, whose family has been fashioning brooches, rings and necklaces out of coral since 1830. He fears he'll have to let go of his 25 employees and close shop.
The added paperwork and damage to Torre del Greco's image resulting from a CITES listing will cost $135 million in three years, says industry group Assocoral.
Former high-end clients such as Tiffany & Co. and Bulgari SpA no longer want the town's coral jewelry, and a campaign to end the use of the sea animal in fashion goods led by the environmental group Seaweb has gained support of designers Paloma Picasso and Kimberly McDonald.
Torre del Greco was once a favored beach destination of Italian movie stars. Now tourists gravitate further down the Amalfi coast, leaving coral as the mainstay of the economy. The industry employs 5,000 people in a region suffering from chronic unemployment.
Risk of Collapse
The U.S. proposal would allow trade in the corals only if nations issue an export certificate showing they were sustainably harvested, said Andy Bruckner, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ecologist who drafted the plan.
“If we let them keep going the way that they are, the industry is going to collapse,” Bruckner said. “If we can come up with a sustainable way to harvest it, we can have this industry continue into the future forever. That's what the whole goal is. It's really not to shut them down.”
Producers in Torre del Greco pride themselves on protecting their local reefs, though about two-thirds of the coral used to make their jewelry is imported from Pacific stocks. A destructive form of trawling that involves dragging weighted nets along the seabed is still in use there even though it's been banned in the Mediterranean since 1994.
'It's Crazy'
Michele Palomba, a coral fisherman for 30 years like his father before him, is today one of the 100 licensed locals who between May and September dive 80 meters (262 feet) with scuba gear to collect the coral. At such depths, one can stay under for no more than four minutes.
“It's crazy to me how they can say we have decimated our supplies, it's simply not true,” Palomba said. “No one knows and loves and respects our sea more than us. This is our livelihood; why would we destroy it?”
Unlike the Pacific variety, the coral in the Mediterranean is small and doesn't grow in shallow waters, Palomba says. He and his colleagues handpick branches from healthy colonies, he said.
Not everyone agrees the methods are sustainable.
Waters shallower than 90 meters in the Mediterranean used to contain older corals that stood 50 centimeters (20 inches) tall, said Georgios Tsounis, a marine biologist at the Institute of Marine Sciences in Barcelona, whose research is cited by Seaweb.
Now “they've basically gone” and those found in unprotected waters average about 4 centimeters and rarely exceed 10 centimeters, he said.
Transformation
“Once the fishery grew to industrial levels, it transformed virtually all known coral communities from a forest- like structure into a grassland-type structure,” Tsounis said. “Although harvesting does not seem to threaten the corals with extinction, it does impact their ecological function of serving as fish nurseries and helping preserve biodiversity.”
It's a fight the locals feel they cannot win.
“We are up against the might of the U.S., misinformed environmentalists and big companies: We are doomed,” said Mauro Ascione, 45, one of eight siblings running the oldest coral- jewelry maker in Torre del Greco. “Our father wanted a big family to grow our business. Instead, we'll attend its funeral.”
EU rules against Italy over Naples waste
The EU's top court says Italy breached an EU directive
on waste disposal by allowing piles of rubbish to litter the
streets of Naples in 2007-2008.BBC News, 4 Mar 2010
The directive became law in Italy in 2006, but the European Court of Justice says the waste disposal sites in the Naples area were inadequate.
The European Commission brought the case against Italy, which must now comply with the court's judgment.
The court says the piles of rubbish endangered health and the environment.
Failure to comply with the judgment could lead to a hefty fine for Italy.
The Italian authorities and Naples residents have long accused the local version of the Mafia, the Camorra, of dumping huge amounts of industrial waste from the north not only in the Campania region's landfill sites but also in the countryside.
The Camorra is accused of infiltrating the waste disposal business and profiteering from it.
To deal with the Naples crisis the Italian government opened up several new waste incinerators in Campania.
Troops were also brought in to help clear the rubbish and there were sporadic clashes with locals enraged at the mess plaguing their streets for months.
But the court ruling on Thursday says Italy has failed to set up an adequate network of waste disposal installations as close as possible to the areas where waste is produced.
"By failing to adopt all the measures necessary to prevent danger to human health and damage to the environment in the region of Campania, Italy has failed to fulfil its obligations under the Waste Directive," the judges said.
Naples, Sigonella bases to cut 150 jobs By Sandra Jontz, Stars and Stripes
Online Edition, Friday, February 26, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - Roughly 150 civilian jobs - a majority of them held by Italians - will be eliminated this year at two U.S. Navy bases in Italy, the Navy announced Thursday.
The job cuts will affect employees at the Navy bases in Naples and Sigonella, mostly in Public Works departments and Fleet and Family Support, and Morale, Welfare and Recreation programs, said Cmdr. Chris Harris, director of Manpower for Navy Region Europe, Africa, Southwest Asia.
The number of employees is greater than the needs of the Navy, and a reduction of the civilian force had not kept pace with the scaling back of military operations over the past several years, according to Rear Adm. David Mercer, commander of U.S. Navy Region Europe, Africa, Southwest Asia.
“Over the past five years, our organization has become smaller and more efficient but our personnel structure has not,” Mercer said in a statement announcing the cuts. “These difficult actions must occur to meet the long-term needs of the U.S. Navy in Italy.”
For Italians, the issue of layoffs is a volatile and explosive one. They already wrestle with a limited job market, where, typically, older employees face increased difficulty in finding employment because of their age.
As the Navy met with labor union representatives in Rome on Thursday, officials in Naples activated the emergency operations command in the event of “labor unrest,” said Navy spokesman Lt. Brian Badura, a measure illustrative of the unpredictable and sometimes fiery reaction that news of layoffs can spark.
All was calm late Thursday and into Friday. However, local labor union representatives spent Friday in meetings with local employees who found out about the pending cuts through local newspaper reports, said Gennaro Di Micco, head of the local chapter of the employee union CISL.
“We found that to be very disappointing,” he said. “Yes, they told official representatives in Rome, but they (Navy leaders) did not tell us locally before sending out press releases.”
That said, local union representatives are not calling for strikes, he said. “We need solutions, not strikes.” [Now, that's amazing!]
Italian town commemorates World War II tragedyBy Victor L. Simpson
The Associated Press, Washington Post
Friday, March 19, 2010; 2:44 PM
CISTERNA di LATINA, Italy -- For American forces fighting their way north to Rome, it was the site of a heroic but hopeless stand, where only eight men out of two Ranger battalions escaped German troops.
For the Italians caught in the fighting, it was the place where they lived underground for months before being sent on a forced march north by the Germans.
On Friday, the anniversary of the roundup in 1944, this town between Anzio and Rome held its annual commemoration of the bloody events of World War II with ceremonies held beside a monument to victims of all wars and school children visiting the grottoes where their grandparents took shelter from the bombing.
This town of 32,000 people, once a manufacturing center but now the heart of kiwi production in Italy, has not forgotten the elite U.S. Army Rangers, who fought to liberate them from the Nazi occupiers. There is a Via dei Rangers, a school named after the Rangers' commander William O. Darby and signs noting Cisterna is twinned with Darby's hometown, Fort Smith, Arkansas.
The site of the Cisterna battle, alongside a canal on the road to Nettuno, is recorded by a plaque in English, German and Italy recalling those who "fought and died."
"It is an ugly memory but we can't forget it because it is part of the history of our country," Mayor Antonello Merolla said at the ceremony
By all accounts, the Cisterna battle was a disaster for the Americans.
The Rangers were used as a spearhead after the landing at Anzio, but because of poor intelligence met unexpected, fierce resistance at Cisterna and by authoritative accounts did not have the support weapons to overcome it as they battled through mud and drainage ditches.
Rick Atkinson, in the book "Day of Battle" said 250-300 Rangers died and eight escaped, leaving hundreds of others captured.
According to Marsha Henry Goff, an unofficial historian for the Rangers whose father served in the elite corps, "Col. Darby, who had protested the use of his Rangers as conventional troops - contending they were trained for a different type of fighting - had gone into a room alone and sobbed" after learning of the casualties.
She said the first word of the disaster came in an Associated Press war dispatch from Naples on March 8 - five weeks after the battle.
"A grim secret kept locked in the hearts of allied troops in Italy for over a month now has been placed in the record of heroic but hopeless `last stands,'" it began.
The breakout from the beaches of Anzio had been stalled and the liberation of Rome, the first Axis capital to fall, would have to wait until June.
This was also grim news for Italian civilians.
"We lived for months underground," Bruno Fieramonte, 75, a retired school teacher, told school children taken down to the dark and dank grottoes of a 16th-century palace on the main square, recalling the fighting and bombing that destroyed 90 percent of the town's buildings - with only few scarred and blackened homes from that era still standing.
Then, on March 19, the Germans, increasingly worried about resistance, rounded up the entire town and marched them north. Many ended in labor camps and farms as far north as Tuscany.
Felice Paliani, who was 13 at the time, said he was taken in as a mascot by the Americans when Cisterna was finally liberated. "We survived because we were united," he said.
Surviving Rangers, mostly in their 80s, generally visit around American Memorial Day, combining it with a stop at the military cemetery in Anzio-Nettuno.
The mayor was asked by this reporter whether German survivors were ever invited. "Actually no," he replied. "But you've given me an idea for next year.”
Italy, U.S. Make 26 Mafia ArrestWall Street Journal, Mar 10, 2010
ROME-Police in Italy and the U.S. arrested 26 people Wednesday in a sweeping series of raids that dismantled an international Mafia drug network, according to Italian police.
Twenty people were arrested in Palermo for alleged drug-trafficking, extortion and usury, according to a statement by Italian police on Wednesday. Three members of the Gambino crime family were arrested in New York and North Carolina and charged with extortion, obstruction of justice and concealment of assets in bankruptcy, according to a separate statement by the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York. Three more people were arrested in Miami on charges of money laundering and obstruction of justice, said Special Agent Judy Orihuela, an FBI spokeswoman in Miami.
Prosecutors say the link between U.S. and Italian groups was Italian national Roberto Settineri, who they allege acted as an intermediary between a Palermo-based clan and the New York-based Gambino and Colombo families. Mr. Settineri was arrested hours before he was scheduled to fly from Miami to Italy and charged with money laundering and obstruction of justice, the U.S. district attorney's statement said.
Italian prosecutors haven't yet charged those arrested in Italy. They say they haven't requested the extradition of Mr. Settineri. Efforts to reach a lawyer representing Mr. Settineri were unsuccessful.
The arrests mark the latest chapter in a joint campaign by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation and Italian authorities to crack down on one of Italy's most powerful organized crime syndicates. Since the 2005 launch of the joint investigation, known as Project Pantheon, Italian and U.S. investigators have made deep inroads into the Sicilian Mafia, disrupting the mob's command structure with arrests of top bosses.
Although the Mafia remains a powerful force in Italy, the Sicilian mob has lately been overshadowed by syndicates with less-centralized command structures, such as the Camorra, a Naples-based syndicate, and the 'Ndrangheta, which is based in the toe of the Italian peninsula.
Wednesday's arrests in Palermo targeted members of the Santa Maria di Gesu, a Palermo-based crime family that has allegedly filled the Mafia's power vacuum, according to police. Anti-mafia prosecutors in Palermo allege that members of Santa Maria di Gesu operate citywide extortion network, requiring shopkeepers to pay protection money or face violent reprisals.
Shopkeepers who have refused to pay have seen their stores burned down or sealed shut with super glue, Italian police said. One shopkeeper who refused to protection money was shot five times in August 2009 and survived the attack, Italian police said in their Wednesday statement.
Mr. Settineri regularly traveled between the U.S. and Palermo to meet with top members of the Santa Maria di Gesu family, Italian police alleged. As part of the investigation, police also seized "significant quantities" of cocaine and hashish in the Southern Italian region Calabria, according to the statement.
Neapolitan crime-busterBy Alvise Armellini
European Voice
18.03.2010 / 05:10 CET
Luigi die Magistri's Mafia-hunting takes him to Brussels.
Luigi de Magistris is a popular man. He takes pride in the fact that more people voted for him - more than 415,000 - than for any other member of the European Parliament. Only Silvio Berlusconi won more votes (2.7 million), as head of the list of his Freedom People party (PDL) - but the Italian prime minister never intended to give up his job to take a seat in Brussels or Strasbourg.
A 42-year-old native of Naples, de Magistris cuts a dashing figure and, though married with two children, was not afraid to tell a gossip magazine last year that he is “quite successful with women”. But he owes his popularity to the fame he attracted as a crusading prosecutor in Italy's crime-infested south, keeping up a family tradition that saw three previous generations of de Magistris serve as magistrates.
His grandfather was twice the target of assassination attempts, while his father tried a corrupt former health minister, Francesco De Lorenzo. De Magistris himself, working in Catanzaro and in Naples for more than a decade, focused on how the Mafia, with the complicity of local leaders, siphoned off millions of euros of EU funds meant for regional development. Over the years, he levelled accusations against centre-right and centre-left politicians, including Agazio Loiero, the head of Calabria's regional government (who is running for re-election in two weeks' time), and Mario Pirillo, his former deputy, who is a member of the European Parliament's Socialists and Democrats group.
But de Magistris became a national figure only in late 2007, when it was disclosed that Romano Prodi, then Italy's prime minister and formerly president of the European Commission, and Clemente Mastella, Prodi's justice minister, were implicated in his 'Why Not' enquiry. The probe - named after a company owned by the person who tipped de Magistris off - focused on an alleged semi-Masonic pact to share out public contracts and EU funds between Calabrian politicians and entrepreneurs with ties to the Catholic Church.
In the resulting furore, de Magistris was portrayed as a publicity-seeker who had bent the rules in pursuing his investigations, while he defended himself saying his Catanzaro colleagues had deliberately obstructed his work. But his superiors were not convinced, deciding to strip him of the 'Why Not' dossier and move him to Naples. He was later cleared of any wrongdoing.
That humiliation convinced de Magistris to shed his magistrate's robes and, in March 2009, enter politics under the banner of the Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori, IdV) party, the brainchild of another high-profile former prosecutor, Antonio Di Pietro, who made his name as a leader of the 'Clean Hands' (Mani Pulite) investigations of the early 1990s, which saw much of Italy's old ruling class collapse under charges of corruption.
In June, he was swept to Brussels on the crest of a wave, after a successful web campaign waged on his behalf by a comedian turned politician-basher, Beppe Grillo, a man sometimes described as Italy's Michael Moore. “I didn't need to put up a single election poster,” de Magistris chuckles.
In the Parliament, where the IdV has joined the the liberal ALDE group, he was awkwardly reunited with Mastella and Pirillo, and met with some suspicion from other Italian MEPs. Nevertheless, de Magistris has eagerly taken up the chairmanship of the budgetary control committee, a position from which he says he can continue his battle against Mafia-infiltration of EU funding. He says that, in his pursuit, he has already established a good working relationship with another anti-corruption crusader in his committee, Monica Macovei, Romania's former justice minister.
“With his experience, he is the right man in the right place,” says a Parliamentary official who has seen him at work. But de Magistris's credentials as a crime-buster are not exempt from criticism. Many point out that his landmark investigations often do not withstand scrutiny in the court room, as in the 'Why Not' case. Prodi and Mastella were cleared even before investigations were concluded, and 34 of the 42 indictees who appeared before a court in early March were acquitted, Loiero included. The remaining eight escaped with much lighter sentences than the prosecution had asked for.
“It was all a whitewash,” de Magistris retorts, claiming that the prosecutors who took on his case faced political pressure to quash the scandal. He also says that he feels vindicated by fresh investigations launched by magistrates in Florence, who suspect foul play in the way reconstruction money is being spent in quake-stricken Abruzzo. “Some of the entrepreneurs involved are the same I investigated in Calabria,” he says.
Others question his commitment to his new job, and the Italian media regularly speculate that he intends to challenge Di Pietro for the leadership of the IdV. But he recently declined the opportunity of standing for governor of Campania, a position some said he should have run for, because the IdV chose to back a controversial candidate from the mainstream opposition Democratic Party. “I am not afraid to admit that I have a national profile to defend. Mine is the second voice that counts in the IdV party after Di Pietro's. But I don't see myself as in exile here. I want to stay in Brussels and make a difference,” he says.
Still, a quick search on Italian news agency ANSA's archive reveals where his attention has been so far: over the past month he has been quoted 51 times, only twice in connection to EU affairs. But the committee official who has seen him at work advises against assuming he will not have an impact in Brussels: he has yet to learn the ropes of his new job, he says. Watch this space for more headlines.
Silvio Berlusconi to push for change to
Italian constitution for greater powersRichard Owen, Rome
The Times March 22, 2010
The Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is proposing to change the constitution by referendum to give him greater powers as a “directly elected president”.
Addressing supporters of his People of Liberty (PdL) party at a rally in Rome, Mr Berlusconi said that he planned a “great, great, great reform” in the remaining three years of his term.
This would include changes to the judiciary, which he claims is biased against him, a cut in the number of MPs and senators and direct elections for a head of state with expanded powers.
The president is currently elected by Parliament, and has limited powers. Mr Berlusconi did not say whether he would be a candidate but the Italian press said that the announcement was consistent with his populist belief that “the people” supported him despite the “lies” spread by “magistrates and the press”.
PdL officials said that more than a million people attended the rally in Rome, staged under the slogan “Love always wins over envy and hatred” to the soundtrack from Star Wars.
However, police put the turnout at 150,000 - fewer than the crowds that attended a centre-left, anti-Berlusconi rally a week previously.
New opinion polls show that Mr Berlusconi's approval rating has slipped to 44 per cent from 62 per cent when he was elected to his third term a year and a half ago.
Last week the Prime Minister addressed a half-empty hall at an election rally in Naples.
Mr Berlusconi's standing could suffer another blow if centre-right voters abstain in elections in 13 regions next weekend after the PdL bungled the registration of its candidates in Lazio, the region around Rome. It missed the deadline because a party official went out for a sandwich.
Questions were also raised over the validity of signatures accompanying the PdL list in Mr Berlusconi's native Lombardy region.
At first the Prime Minister turned on “idiots” in his party but later blamed the Left for “dirty tricks”.
Pier Luigi Bersani, leader of the opposition Democratic Party, said that Mr Berlusconi was increasingly “nervous” because “he knows the tide is turning against him”.
Renato Mannheimer, Italy's top pollster, said: “The centre-right electorate is disoriented and has lost confidence in its leaders, whom they see as disorganised.”
Magistrates are investigating Mr Berlusconi for abuse of office after tapped phone conversations indicated that he had interfered to try to block his critics from appearing on talk shows and news bulletins not only on his Mediaset television network but also on programmes of RAI, the public broadcaster.
At the Rome rally, outside the Basilica of St John Lateran, Mr Berlusconi said that “leftist” judges and politicians had concocted “a laughable investigation based on the tapping of my calls.
“Do you want phone taps on everyone and everything? Do you want to be spied on in your own homes?” he asked the crowd - which roared back, “No”.
“We don't often take to the streets but it was absolutely necessary to defend ourselves from the attacks of the Left and its magistrates,” Mr Berlusconi told his supporters.
“We are here to have our right to vote guaranteed. With you, love and freedom will win.”
Ministers and PdL regional candidates attended the Rome rally. However, Gianfranco Fini, the Speaker of the Lower House and co-founder of the party - who has distanced himself from the Prime Minister and is seen as his most likely challenger - did not take part, saying that his institutional position prevented him from doing so. He is to launch a new movement in May called Generation Italy.
Italy's African HeroesBy Roberto Saviano
Op-Ed Contributor
New York Times, January 24, 2010Naples, Italy
WHEN I was a teenager here, kids used to shoot dogs in the head. It was a way of gaining confidence with a gun, of venting your rage on another living creature. Now it seems human beings are used for target practice.
This month, rioting by African immigrants broke out in Rosarno, in southern Italy, after at least one immigrant was shot with an air rifle. The riots were widely portrayed as clashes between immigrants and native Italians, but they were really a revolt against the 'Ndrangheta, the powerful Calabrian mafia. Anyone who seeks to negate or to minimize this motive is not familiar with these places where everything - jobs, wages, housing - is controlled by criminal organizations.
The episode in Rosarno was the second such uprising against organized crime in Italy in the last few years. The first took place in 2008 in Castel Volturno, a town near Naples, where hit men from the local mob, the Camorra, killed six Africans. The massacre was intended to intimidate, but it set off the immigrants' anger instead.
In Castel Volturno, the immigrants work in construction. In Rosarno, they pick oranges. But in both places the mafias control all economic activity. And the only ones who've had the courage to rebel against them are the Africans.
An immigrant who lands in France or Britain knows he'll have to abide by the law, but he also knows he'll have real and tangible rights. That's not how it is in Italy, where bureaucracy and corruption make it seem as if the only guarantees are prohibitions and mafia rule, under which rights are nonexistent. The mafias let the African immigrants live and work in their territories because they make a profit off them. The mafias exploit them, but also grant them living space in abandoned areas outside of town, and they keep the police from running too many checks or repatriating them.
The immigrants are temporarily willing to accept peanut wages, slave hours and poor living conditions. They've already handed over all they owned, risked all they had, just to get to Italy. But they came to make a better life for themselves - and they're not about to let anyone take the possibility of that life away.
There are native Italians who reject mafia rule as well, but they have the means and the freedom to leave places like Rosarno, becoming migrants themselves. The Africans can't. They have to stand up to the clans. They know they have to act collectively, for it's their only way of protecting themselves. Otherwise they end up getting killed, which happens sometimes even to the European immigrant workers.
It's a mistake to view the Rosarno rioters as criminals. The Rosarno riots were not about attacking the law, but about gaining access to the law.
There are African criminals of course, African mafiosi, who do business with the Italian mafias. An increasing amount of the cocaine that arrives here from South America comes via West Africa. African criminal organizations are amassing enormous power, but the poor African workers in Italy are not their men.
The Italian state should condemn the violence of the riots, but if it treats the immigrants as criminals, it will drive them to the mafias. After the Rosarno riots, the government moved more than a thousand immigrants to detention centers, allegedly for their own safety, and destroyed the rudimentary camp where many of them had lived. This is the kind of reaction that will encourage those immigrants to see the African criminal organizations as necessary protection.
For now, the majority resist; they came to Italy to better themselves, not to be mobsters. But if the Africans in Rosarno had been organized at a criminal level, they would have had a way to negotiate with the Calabrian Mafia. They would have been able to obtain better working and living conditions. They wouldn't have had to riot.
Italy is a country that's forgotten how its emigrants were treated in the United States, how the discrimination they suffered was precisely what allowed the Mafia to take root there. It was extremely difficult for many Italian immigrants, who did not feel protected or represented by anyone else, to avoid the clutches of the mob. It's enough to remember Joe Petrosino, the Italian-born New York City police officer who was murdered in 1909 for taking on the Mafia, to recognize the price honest Italians paid.
Immigrants come to Italy to do jobs Italians don't want to do, but they have also begun defending the rights that Italians are too afraid, indifferent or jaded to defend. To those African immigrants I say: don't go - don't leave us alone with the mafias.
Roberto Saviano is the author of “Gomorrah: A Personal Journey Into the Violent International Empire of Naples' Organized Crime System.” This essay was translated by Virginia Jewiss from the Italian.
'Just realized that it's been almost two months since the last FSHSGRAM...got a couple of emails from Wildcats during the weekend, asking if I were "still around." Not quite sure what that meant.
Yep...just very busy at Gryphon Technologies –– among other projects, my group supports two annual publications for the Chief of Naval Operations and Commandant USMC that come due in February/March –– and I had deadlines for several "outside" publications and lectures at the Bettis Atomic Power Lab...the days just got away from me.
And, then there were the Great Snows of February Ought-10: record-setting 45 inches of snow in two back-to-back storms that pummeled the Annapolis area and closed down federal, state and local governments...
But, I appreciate the concern: Yep, "still around!"
Andiamo!
Speaking of Italian Pizza...
A friend sent this YouTube URL of a Canadian video clip from 1957 about popular "new" Italian dish called "pizza pie":
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
For those of us who do remember the 1950s...who can't forget the Chef Boy-Ar-Dee canned pizza...with its cardboard-like crust!
YUM...MIE!!!
And, Speaking of Oldies...
I'm not sure if I forwarded the attached file -- "Pepsi, Italian Style" -- but, even if so, it's worth seeing again.
New in FSHSWACD
'Found several wayward Wildcats since January, who are new to the FSHSWACD:
- Kate Caughery Mack, FSHS70, katecmack@comcast.net
- Deanne Monique Hoppmeyer Hingle “Hoppy”, FSHS82, curly_d@verizon.net
- April Lynn Francis Barnett, FSHS84, pooh82286@aol.com
- Edmond Scott Pittman "Scottie" "Tiziano" "Pepino", FSHS80, espe@bonsai-finearts.com
- Susan Panzer Jackson, FSHS81, susanmj2004@yahoo.com
- Michele Marie Martin, FSHS84, mmmartin99@hotmail.com
- Frank Stewart, FSHS72, sappleseed@hotmail.com
My FSHSWACD co-editor, Pat Carter Bryant FSHS68, and I will send out an updated FSHSWACD next month. So, if you're in the database but your record needs revising, please send changes to me. If you're not in the FSHSWACD but want to be included, please complete as much or as little information as you want...
FSHS Wildcats Alumni Contacts Database Notional Record/Data Fields
Name: (First, Middle, Last or Last/Maiden and Last/Married, or Last/Divorced, "Nickname")
Title: (JD, PhD, Miss, MD, II, Jr., etc...FSHS Teacher/Administrator/Parent..
Napoli: (the actual years you lived in Napoli)
Where in Napoli: (where you lived...Via Manzoni, Via Petrarca, Parco Azurro, Arco Felice...)
FSHS Class: (graduation year, whether you graduated from FSHS or not)
High School Graduated: (FSHS or other HS)
Email Address 1:
Email Address 2:
Company:
Snailmail Street/POB Address:
Snailmail Street/POB Address:
Phone(s): (Home / Work / Cell)
Comments: (brief mention of anything particularly important to you about your Napoli/FSHS experience...)
...and return to me. I'll get all the changes and new information into the Word file, and Pat will update the Excel file. I'll send out both to all on distro (1,250 email addresses!!) in mid-April.
Reunions and Such
A few of us -- Vonna Brode Thomas FSHS67, Debbie King Dunn FSHS68, Staff Dunn FSHS68 and I (accompanied by spouses Mark Thomas and Annmarie Truver) -- spent a long weekend 12-17 February eating and drinking our way through central/Gulf Coast Florida –– a mini-reunion of sorts. (Yes, Steve Rann FSHS67 and Fred Cannon FSHS68, we did talk about you....) Had a great time!
I recall seeing some info on an of an upcoming Overseas Brats reunion in Reston, VA, 5-8 August. Theresa Dickie Branscome FSHS78 (dickiemt@aol.com) is interested in pulling together a Napoli cohort for the festivities. The URL for the event is:
http://www.overseasbrats.com/
More to come, I'm sure!
That's about it for today. Napoli News attached below. Don't forget to send your FSHSWACD info for the April 2010 update. Grazie!
Saluti!
Scott T FSHS68
Napoli News
Italy private schools pound DODDS teams Stars and Stripes
European edition, Sunday, March 21, 2010
The Italian private schools boys' teams that usually dominate Region IV got right to the point Saturday by pinning an aggregate 19-3 defeat on their three DODDS-Europe opponents on opening day of the high school soccer season.
Marymount International School of Rome blanked Aviano 8-0, the American Overseas School of Rome thumped visiting 2009 European small-schools runner-up Sigonella 7-2, and Milan turned back visiting Naples 4-1 as a handful of teams got the 2010 season under way. Just 12 games, six each for boys and girls, were on the schedule, with eight of those scheduled for Italy.
Marymount boys 8, Aviano 0: At Aviano, Alessandro Ramacciato scored two of his three goals to go with a fourth-minute strike by Alessio Cangi and a 12th-minute tally by Paolo Muir to gave the Royals a 4-0 halftime lead. The onslaught came, according to coach Mark Fix, despite heroic efforts by Aviano keeper Sean Wilson, who left the game with an injury just after intermission. The scoring avalanche continued in the second half with goals by Ramacciato, Mario Checi Gori, Nirosa Liayantha and Nicolo Manci.
Milan boys 4, Naples 1: At Milan, Alessandro Guarnieri scored twice to pace the Panthers. Justin Biery's first-half strike was the only scoring Naples could manage.
Naples girls 1, Milan 0: At Milan, the Wildcats' defense made All-European Hayley Witz's first-half goal stand up. [Bravo Zulu Hayley!]
AOSR boys 7, Sigonella 2: At Rome, Giacomo Castelli and Pietro Dinmor each put two shots past All-Europe goalkeeper Conor Quinn. Castelli and Dinmor also each added an assist for AOSR. Tyler Reed scored Sigonella's goals, both in the second half. Reed's first goal, two minutes after intermission, was unassisted; his second, in the 79th minute, came off a feed from his brother, Patrick. Quinn stopped 11 of AOSR's 18 shots on goal.
Marymount girls 2, Aviano 1: At Aviano, All-European Elena Carrarini had a hand in Marymount's two second-half goals, setting up Caroline Wiley for a 52nd-minute strike that tied the game 1-1, then scoring unassisted 17 minutes later for the decisive goal.
Junior Cheryl Craver gave Aviano a 1-0 lead with a 12th-minute tally.
AFNORTH girls 3, Lakenheath 1: At Lakenheath, Kaylee Harless, Stephanie Seitz and all-European Kaylee Wilstead provided the goals for the Lady Lions in the day's lone Region I game.
Lakenheath boys 3, AFNORTH 0: Host Lakenheath pinned a shutout on its two-time defending European champion guests. No details were available at press time Saturday.
Alberto Gilardino scores twice as
Fiorentina rallies to beat Napoli 3-1THE ASSOCIATED PRESS (CP) - Mar 13, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - Alberto Gilardino's two goals gave Fiorentina a come-from-behind 3-1 win over Napoli in Saturday's only Serie A game.
Fiorentina was eliminated from the Champions League despite beating Bayern Munich on Tuesday and hadn't won an away game in more than two months.
Ezequiel Lavezzi gave Napoli the lead in the 48th minute and Gilardino hit back in the 60th and 87th. Stevan Jovetic added a third score for Fiorentina into an empty net when Napoli goalkeeper Morgan De Sanctis rushed forward in a last-ditch attempt to equalize in added time.
Napoli remained seventh with 41 points and Fiorentina is 10th with 38 points.
Napoli threatened more in the first half but Fiorentina goalkeeper Sebastien Frey stretched out to save a header from German Denis in the 32nd.
Lavezzi found the target with a header from the edge of the area following a cross from Cristian Maggio and the hosts had two more chances in the next 10 minutes before Gilardino headed in the equalizer from a Jovetic cross.
The Italy centre forward scored again three minutes from time following a corner, redirecting Jovetic's header slightly with his own head, as Napoli appealed for an offside call that never came.
Back in business:
Pompeii snack bar re-opens... nearly 2000 years after
it was destroyed by the eruption of Mt Vesuvius By Rhianna King
Last updatedfs at 4:42 PM on 20th March 2010
In AD79 it was Pompeii's most popular hang out, where locals would stop off to meet friends and partake in a snack of baked cheese smothered in honey.
Now, nearly 2000 years after the Italian city was buried under ash and rubble by the devastating eruption of Mount Vesuvius, its favourite snack bar has re-opened.
For the first time the thermopolium, as it is called in Italy, will be open to tourists after having undergone and excavation and restoration process over the past few months.
Tomorrow 300 VIPs selected at random will attend an advance opening of the snack bar where they will enjoy a taste of Roman cafe society, including the sweet, calorific treats enjoyed by the all sections of Pompeii society before the city was destroyed.
Pompeii, which is near Naples in the Italian region of Campania, was destroyed, and completely buried, during a catastrophic two-day eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius on August 24, 79AD.
The volcano collapsed higher roof-lines and buried Pompeii under many meters of ash and pumice, and it was lost for nearly 1700 years before its accidental rediscovery in 1748.
Since then, its excavation has provided an extraordinarily detailed insight into life during the Roman Empire.
Visitors to the thermopolium will be taken on a guided tour of Vetutius Placidus's snack bar which features an L-shaped counter and a painting on its back wall depicting Mercury, the god of commerce and Bacchus, the god of wine.
The thermopolium features a cellar, garden and dining area - or triclinium, which was decorated with a painting showing the rape of Europa with Jupiter disgused as a bull.
Excavations suggest the internal garden once featured a pergola, herb garden and grapevines.
The snack bar has been closed for years in order to protect if from further damage. But soon all visitors will be able to venture inside to get a taste of an ancient Roman cafe.
The bar used to face onto a main street, the Via dell'Abbondanza, and all sections of society would call in for a Mediterranean lunch or the famous snack of ricotta cheese and sticky honey.
Archaeologists working at the site also found a jar full of coins, amounting to about two days' income. They believe the owner may have left them as he fled the doomed city.
Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/
Finding the best pizza in NaplesBy Marie Maguire
Contra Costa Times
Forget the pepperoni and mushrooms. And don't even think about sausage. In Naples, you start with the basics.
If the sauce isn't rich and gooey, if the cheese isn't oozing and if the crust isn't paper thin and smelling like it just came out of a wood-fire oven, then you are not eating a genuine Neapolitan pizza. And heaven help the person who made it for you.
Naples jealously guards its reputation as the city that invented pizza, and its pizza police are sticklers about the rules. Tomatoes must be grown in the rich, volcanic soil surrounding the city. Mozzarella must come from buffalo milk. And then there are the baking instructions -- the pizza must have an irregular shape to prove it's been made by hand and it can only spend a short time in that wood-burning oven.
On our first night, we went for a classic. The most authentic, by pizza police standards, are the margherita -- with tomato, mozzarella and basil -- and the marinara -- with tomato, oregano and garlic.
Because authenticity was our goal, we decided to try Da Michele. Although not the oldest pizzeria in Italy, Da Michele has been in business since the 1870s and is known for its adherence to tradition. It is a no-nonsense restaurant that serves only the marinara and the margherita.
Our pizza was an example of simplicity at its finest. The thin crust sizzled, and the tomato sauce and mozzarella blended beautifully. It was so delicate, we couldn't eat it with our hands. We had to use a knife and fork.
On our second night, we tried one of Da Michele's competitors, Trianon, just across the street. Trianon started in the 1930s and has been popular with the young crowd for several years. Its menu has wider selection than Da Michele, but those selections are still based on the important margherita pizza, just with the addition of one or two toppings. We ordered ours with prosciutto and mushrooms. The Italian ham mixed well with the mozzarella, and we left well satisfied.
On the third evening, our hotel clerk asked, ``Do you want to taste the best pizza in Naples?'' Of course, we did. So, he directed us to Il Pizzaiolo del Presidente.
In 1997, while in town for the G7 summit, President Bill Clinton stopped at Di Matteo, owned by pizza maker Ernesto Cacialli's brother. Accounts of what happened next vary. Some say Clinton had a slice of Cacialli's pizza while he stood in the street and chatted with passersby. Others say he ate two pizzas by himself.
No matter what version you believe, Cacialli started his own restaurant shortly after Clinton's visit and secured his reputation in pizza lore.
On this, our final night, we reverted to American tastes. We ordered a pizza with the works -- ham, artichoke hearts, eggplant and mushrooms on the traditional margherita. It was outstanding, but again tradition prevailed. The pizza, called the quattro, was divided into sections. No section had more than two toppings.
Red-Coral Rescue Plans Endanger Italy's Coastal Jewelry MakersMarch 10, 2010, 7:22 PM EST
Businessweek
Flavia Krause-Jackson and Alex Morales
With assistance from Flavia Rotondi in Rome. Editors: Jennifer Freedman, Andrew Davis
March 11 (Bloomberg) -- The people of Torre del Greco, 10 miles south of Naples, have lived off the red corals found in the Mediterranean Sea for more than two millennia. A proposal to list the species as endangered may push the seaside town's $217 million-a-year coral industry into extinction.
The U.S., the largest consumer of corals for use in decoration and jewelry, is proposing that all 31 species of red and pink coral be added to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, or CITES, treaty at a meeting in Doha, Qatar, starting March 13. The European Union, of which Italy is a member, backed the plan yesterday while asking for an 18-month delay in implementation.
“We've survived world wars, economic crises and anything God and Mount Vesuvius have thrown at us, but this will kill us,” said Antonino de Simone, whose family has been fashioning brooches, rings and necklaces out of coral since 1830. He fears he'll have to let go of his 25 employees and close shop.
The added paperwork and damage to Torre del Greco's image resulting from a CITES listing will cost $135 million in three years, says industry group Assocoral.
Former high-end clients such as Tiffany & Co. and Bulgari SpA no longer want the town's coral jewelry, and a campaign to end the use of the sea animal in fashion goods led by the environmental group Seaweb has gained support of designers Paloma Picasso and Kimberly McDonald.
Torre del Greco was once a favored beach destination of Italian movie stars. Now tourists gravitate further down the Amalfi coast, leaving coral as the mainstay of the economy. The industry employs 5,000 people in a region suffering from chronic unemployment.
Risk of Collapse
The U.S. proposal would allow trade in the corals only if nations issue an export certificate showing they were sustainably harvested, said Andy Bruckner, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ecologist who drafted the plan.
“If we let them keep going the way that they are, the industry is going to collapse,” Bruckner said. “If we can come up with a sustainable way to harvest it, we can have this industry continue into the future forever. That's what the whole goal is. It's really not to shut them down.”
Producers in Torre del Greco pride themselves on protecting their local reefs, though about two-thirds of the coral used to make their jewelry is imported from Pacific stocks. A destructive form of trawling that involves dragging weighted nets along the seabed is still in use there even though it's been banned in the Mediterranean since 1994.
'It's Crazy'
Michele Palomba, a coral fisherman for 30 years like his father before him, is today one of the 100 licensed locals who between May and September dive 80 meters (262 feet) with scuba gear to collect the coral. At such depths, one can stay under for no more than four minutes.
“It's crazy to me how they can say we have decimated our supplies, it's simply not true,” Palomba said. “No one knows and loves and respects our sea more than us. This is our livelihood; why would we destroy it?”
Unlike the Pacific variety, the coral in the Mediterranean is small and doesn't grow in shallow waters, Palomba says. He and his colleagues handpick branches from healthy colonies, he said.
Not everyone agrees the methods are sustainable.
Waters shallower than 90 meters in the Mediterranean used to contain older corals that stood 50 centimeters (20 inches) tall, said Georgios Tsounis, a marine biologist at the Institute of Marine Sciences in Barcelona, whose research is cited by Seaweb.
Now “they've basically gone” and those found in unprotected waters average about 4 centimeters and rarely exceed 10 centimeters, he said.
Transformation
“Once the fishery grew to industrial levels, it transformed virtually all known coral communities from a forest- like structure into a grassland-type structure,” Tsounis said. “Although harvesting does not seem to threaten the corals with extinction, it does impact their ecological function of serving as fish nurseries and helping preserve biodiversity.”
It's a fight the locals feel they cannot win.
“We are up against the might of the U.S., misinformed environmentalists and big companies: We are doomed,” said Mauro Ascione, 45, one of eight siblings running the oldest coral- jewelry maker in Torre del Greco. “Our father wanted a big family to grow our business. Instead, we'll attend its funeral.”
EU rules against Italy over Naples waste
The EU's top court says Italy breached an EU directive
on waste disposal by allowing piles of rubbish to litter the
streets of Naples in 2007-2008.BBC News, 4 Mar 2010
The directive became law in Italy in 2006, but the European Court of Justice says the waste disposal sites in the Naples area were inadequate.
The European Commission brought the case against Italy, which must now comply with the court's judgment.
The court says the piles of rubbish endangered health and the environment.
Failure to comply with the judgment could lead to a hefty fine for Italy.
The Italian authorities and Naples residents have long accused the local version of the Mafia, the Camorra, of dumping huge amounts of industrial waste from the north not only in the Campania region's landfill sites but also in the countryside.
The Camorra is accused of infiltrating the waste disposal business and profiteering from it.
To deal with the Naples crisis the Italian government opened up several new waste incinerators in Campania.
Troops were also brought in to help clear the rubbish and there were sporadic clashes with locals enraged at the mess plaguing their streets for months.
But the court ruling on Thursday says Italy has failed to set up an adequate network of waste disposal installations as close as possible to the areas where waste is produced.
"By failing to adopt all the measures necessary to prevent danger to human health and damage to the environment in the region of Campania, Italy has failed to fulfil its obligations under the Waste Directive," the judges said.
Naples, Sigonella bases to cut 150 jobs By Sandra Jontz, Stars and Stripes
Online Edition, Friday, February 26, 2010
NAPLES, Italy - Roughly 150 civilian jobs - a majority of them held by Italians - will be eliminated this year at two U.S. Navy bases in Italy, the Navy announced Thursday.
The job cuts will affect employees at the Navy bases in Naples and Sigonella, mostly in Public Works departments and Fleet and Family Support, and Morale, Welfare and Recreation programs, said Cmdr. Chris Harris, director of Manpower for Navy Region Europe, Africa, Southwest Asia.
The number of employees is greater than the needs of the Navy, and a reduction of the civilian force had not kept pace with the scaling back of military operations over the past several years, according to Rear Adm. David Mercer, commander of U.S. Navy Region Europe, Africa, Southwest Asia.
“Over the past five years, our organization has become smaller and more efficient but our personnel structure has not,” Mercer said in a statement announcing the cuts. “These difficult actions must occur to meet the long-term needs of the U.S. Navy in Italy.”
For Italians, the issue of layoffs is a volatile and explosive one. They already wrestle with a limited job market, where, typically, older employees face increased difficulty in finding employment because of their age.
As the Navy met with labor union representatives in Rome on Thursday, officials in Naples activated the emergency operations command in the event of “labor unrest,” said Navy spokesman Lt. Brian Badura, a measure illustrative of the unpredictable and sometimes fiery reaction that news of layoffs can spark.
All was calm late Thursday and into Friday. However, local labor union representatives spent Friday in meetings with local employees who found out about the pending cuts through local newspaper reports, said Gennaro Di Micco, head of the local chapter of the employee union CISL.
“We found that to be very disappointing,” he said. “Yes, they told official representatives in Rome, but they (Navy leaders) did not tell us locally before sending out press releases.”
That said, local union representatives are not calling for strikes, he said. “We need solutions, not strikes.” [Now, that's amazing!]
Italian town commemorates World War II tragedyBy Victor L. Simpson
The Associated Press, Washington Post
Friday, March 19, 2010; 2:44 PM
CISTERNA di LATINA, Italy -- For American forces fighting their way north to Rome, it was the site of a heroic but hopeless stand, where only eight men out of two Ranger battalions escaped German troops.
For the Italians caught in the fighting, it was the place where they lived underground for months before being sent on a forced march north by the Germans.
On Friday, the anniversary of the roundup in 1944, this town between Anzio and Rome held its annual commemoration of the bloody events of World War II with ceremonies held beside a monument to victims of all wars and school children visiting the grottoes where their grandparents took shelter from the bombing.
This town of 32,000 people, once a manufacturing center but now the heart of kiwi production in Italy, has not forgotten the elite U.S. Army Rangers, who fought to liberate them from the Nazi occupiers. There is a Via dei Rangers, a school named after the Rangers' commander William O. Darby and signs noting Cisterna is twinned with Darby's hometown, Fort Smith, Arkansas.
The site of the Cisterna battle, alongside a canal on the road to Nettuno, is recorded by a plaque in English, German and Italy recalling those who "fought and died."
"It is an ugly memory but we can't forget it because it is part of the history of our country," Mayor Antonello Merolla said at the ceremony
By all accounts, the Cisterna battle was a disaster for the Americans.
The Rangers were used as a spearhead after the landing at Anzio, but because of poor intelligence met unexpected, fierce resistance at Cisterna and by authoritative accounts did not have the support weapons to overcome it as they battled through mud and drainage ditches.
Rick Atkinson, in the book "Day of Battle" said 250-300 Rangers died and eight escaped, leaving hundreds of others captured.
According to Marsha Henry Goff, an unofficial historian for the Rangers whose father served in the elite corps, "Col. Darby, who had protested the use of his Rangers as conventional troops - contending they were trained for a different type of fighting - had gone into a room alone and sobbed" after learning of the casualties.
She said the first word of the disaster came in an Associated Press war dispatch from Naples on March 8 - five weeks after the battle.
"A grim secret kept locked in the hearts of allied troops in Italy for over a month now has been placed in the record of heroic but hopeless `last stands,'" it began.
The breakout from the beaches of Anzio had been stalled and the liberation of Rome, the first Axis capital to fall, would have to wait until June.
This was also grim news for Italian civilians.
"We lived for months underground," Bruno Fieramonte, 75, a retired school teacher, told school children taken down to the dark and dank grottoes of a 16th-century palace on the main square, recalling the fighting and bombing that destroyed 90 percent of the town's buildings - with only few scarred and blackened homes from that era still standing.
Then, on March 19, the Germans, increasingly worried about resistance, rounded up the entire town and marched them north. Many ended in labor camps and farms as far north as Tuscany.
Felice Paliani, who was 13 at the time, said he was taken in as a mascot by the Americans when Cisterna was finally liberated. "We survived because we were united," he said.
Surviving Rangers, mostly in their 80s, generally visit around American Memorial Day, combining it with a stop at the military cemetery in Anzio-Nettuno.
The mayor was asked by this reporter whether German survivors were ever invited. "Actually no," he replied. "But you've given me an idea for next year.”
Italy, U.S. Make 26 Mafia ArrestWall Street Journal, Mar 10, 2010
ROME-Police in Italy and the U.S. arrested 26 people Wednesday in a sweeping series of raids that dismantled an international Mafia drug network, according to Italian police.
Twenty people were arrested in Palermo for alleged drug-trafficking, extortion and usury, according to a statement by Italian police on Wednesday. Three members of the Gambino crime family were arrested in New York and North Carolina and charged with extortion, obstruction of justice and concealment of assets in bankruptcy, according to a separate statement by the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York. Three more people were arrested in Miami on charges of money laundering and obstruction of justice, said Special Agent Judy Orihuela, an FBI spokeswoman in Miami.
Prosecutors say the link between U.S. and Italian groups was Italian national Roberto Settineri, who they allege acted as an intermediary between a Palermo-based clan and the New York-based Gambino and Colombo families. Mr. Settineri was arrested hours before he was scheduled to fly from Miami to Italy and charged with money laundering and obstruction of justice, the U.S. district attorney's statement said.
Italian prosecutors haven't yet charged those arrested in Italy. They say they haven't requested the extradition of Mr. Settineri. Efforts to reach a lawyer representing Mr. Settineri were unsuccessful.
The arrests mark the latest chapter in a joint campaign by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation and Italian authorities to crack down on one of Italy's most powerful organized crime syndicates. Since the 2005 launch of the joint investigation, known as Project Pantheon, Italian and U.S. investigators have made deep inroads into the Sicilian Mafia, disrupting the mob's command structure with arrests of top bosses.
Although the Mafia remains a powerful force in Italy, the Sicilian mob has lately been overshadowed by syndicates with less-centralized command structures, such as the Camorra, a Naples-based syndicate, and the 'Ndrangheta, which is based in the toe of the Italian peninsula.
Wednesday's arrests in Palermo targeted members of the Santa Maria di Gesu, a Palermo-based crime family that has allegedly filled the Mafia's power vacuum, according to police. Anti-mafia prosecutors in Palermo allege that members of Santa Maria di Gesu operate citywide extortion network, requiring shopkeepers to pay protection money or face violent reprisals.
Shopkeepers who have refused to pay have seen their stores burned down or sealed shut with super glue, Italian police said. One shopkeeper who refused to protection money was shot five times in August 2009 and survived the attack, Italian police said in their Wednesday statement.
Mr. Settineri regularly traveled between the U.S. and Palermo to meet with top members of the Santa Maria di Gesu family, Italian police alleged. As part of the investigation, police also seized "significant quantities" of cocaine and hashish in the Southern Italian region Calabria, according to the statement.
Neapolitan crime-busterBy Alvise Armellini
European Voice
18.03.2010 / 05:10 CET
Luigi die Magistri's Mafia-hunting takes him to Brussels.
Luigi de Magistris is a popular man. He takes pride in the fact that more people voted for him - more than 415,000 - than for any other member of the European Parliament. Only Silvio Berlusconi won more votes (2.7 million), as head of the list of his Freedom People party (PDL) - but the Italian prime minister never intended to give up his job to take a seat in Brussels or Strasbourg.
A 42-year-old native of Naples, de Magistris cuts a dashing figure and, though married with two children, was not afraid to tell a gossip magazine last year that he is “quite successful with women”. But he owes his popularity to the fame he attracted as a crusading prosecutor in Italy's crime-infested south, keeping up a family tradition that saw three previous generations of de Magistris serve as magistrates.
His grandfather was twice the target of assassination attempts, while his father tried a corrupt former health minister, Francesco De Lorenzo. De Magistris himself, working in Catanzaro and in Naples for more than a decade, focused on how the Mafia, with the complicity of local leaders, siphoned off millions of euros of EU funds meant for regional development. Over the years, he levelled accusations against centre-right and centre-left politicians, including Agazio Loiero, the head of Calabria's regional government (who is running for re-election in two weeks' time), and Mario Pirillo, his former deputy, who is a member of the European Parliament's Socialists and Democrats group.
But de Magistris became a national figure only in late 2007, when it was disclosed that Romano Prodi, then Italy's prime minister and formerly president of the European Commission, and Clemente Mastella, Prodi's justice minister, were implicated in his 'Why Not' enquiry. The probe - named after a company owned by the person who tipped de Magistris off - focused on an alleged semi-Masonic pact to share out public contracts and EU funds between Calabrian politicians and entrepreneurs with ties to the Catholic Church.
In the resulting furore, de Magistris was portrayed as a publicity-seeker who had bent the rules in pursuing his investigations, while he defended himself saying his Catanzaro colleagues had deliberately obstructed his work. But his superiors were not convinced, deciding to strip him of the 'Why Not' dossier and move him to Naples. He was later cleared of any wrongdoing.
That humiliation convinced de Magistris to shed his magistrate's robes and, in March 2009, enter politics under the banner of the Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori, IdV) party, the brainchild of another high-profile former prosecutor, Antonio Di Pietro, who made his name as a leader of the 'Clean Hands' (Mani Pulite) investigations of the early 1990s, which saw much of Italy's old ruling class collapse under charges of corruption.
In June, he was swept to Brussels on the crest of a wave, after a successful web campaign waged on his behalf by a comedian turned politician-basher, Beppe Grillo, a man sometimes described as Italy's Michael Moore. “I didn't need to put up a single election poster,” de Magistris chuckles.
In the Parliament, where the IdV has joined the the liberal ALDE group, he was awkwardly reunited with Mastella and Pirillo, and met with some suspicion from other Italian MEPs. Nevertheless, de Magistris has eagerly taken up the chairmanship of the budgetary control committee, a position from which he says he can continue his battle against Mafia-infiltration of EU funding. He says that, in his pursuit, he has already established a good working relationship with another anti-corruption crusader in his committee, Monica Macovei, Romania's former justice minister.
“With his experience, he is the right man in the right place,” says a Parliamentary official who has seen him at work. But de Magistris's credentials as a crime-buster are not exempt from criticism. Many point out that his landmark investigations often do not withstand scrutiny in the court room, as in the 'Why Not' case. Prodi and Mastella were cleared even before investigations were concluded, and 34 of the 42 indictees who appeared before a court in early March were acquitted, Loiero included. The remaining eight escaped with much lighter sentences than the prosecution had asked for.
“It was all a whitewash,” de Magistris retorts, claiming that the prosecutors who took on his case faced political pressure to quash the scandal. He also says that he feels vindicated by fresh investigations launched by magistrates in Florence, who suspect foul play in the way reconstruction money is being spent in quake-stricken Abruzzo. “Some of the entrepreneurs involved are the same I investigated in Calabria,” he says.
Others question his commitment to his new job, and the Italian media regularly speculate that he intends to challenge Di Pietro for the leadership of the IdV. But he recently declined the opportunity of standing for governor of Campania, a position some said he should have run for, because the IdV chose to back a controversial candidate from the mainstream opposition Democratic Party. “I am not afraid to admit that I have a national profile to defend. Mine is the second voice that counts in the IdV party after Di Pietro's. But I don't see myself as in exile here. I want to stay in Brussels and make a difference,” he says.
Still, a quick search on Italian news agency ANSA's archive reveals where his attention has been so far: over the past month he has been quoted 51 times, only twice in connection to EU affairs. But the committee official who has seen him at work advises against assuming he will not have an impact in Brussels: he has yet to learn the ropes of his new job, he says. Watch this space for more headlines.
Silvio Berlusconi to push for change to
Italian constitution for greater powersRichard Owen, Rome
The Times March 22, 2010
The Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is proposing to change the constitution by referendum to give him greater powers as a “directly elected president”.
Addressing supporters of his People of Liberty (PdL) party at a rally in Rome, Mr Berlusconi said that he planned a “great, great, great reform” in the remaining three years of his term.
This would include changes to the judiciary, which he claims is biased against him, a cut in the number of MPs and senators and direct elections for a head of state with expanded powers.
The president is currently elected by Parliament, and has limited powers. Mr Berlusconi did not say whether he would be a candidate but the Italian press said that the announcement was consistent with his populist belief that “the people” supported him despite the “lies” spread by “magistrates and the press”.
PdL officials said that more than a million people attended the rally in Rome, staged under the slogan “Love always wins over envy and hatred” to the soundtrack from Star Wars.
However, police put the turnout at 150,000 - fewer than the crowds that attended a centre-left, anti-Berlusconi rally a week previously.
New opinion polls show that Mr Berlusconi's approval rating has slipped to 44 per cent from 62 per cent when he was elected to his third term a year and a half ago.
Last week the Prime Minister addressed a half-empty hall at an election rally in Naples.
Mr Berlusconi's standing could suffer another blow if centre-right voters abstain in elections in 13 regions next weekend after the PdL bungled the registration of its candidates in Lazio, the region around Rome. It missed the deadline because a party official went out for a sandwich.
Questions were also raised over the validity of signatures accompanying the PdL list in Mr Berlusconi's native Lombardy region.
At first the Prime Minister turned on “idiots” in his party but later blamed the Left for “dirty tricks”.
Pier Luigi Bersani, leader of the opposition Democratic Party, said that Mr Berlusconi was increasingly “nervous” because “he knows the tide is turning against him”.
Renato Mannheimer, Italy's top pollster, said: “The centre-right electorate is disoriented and has lost confidence in its leaders, whom they see as disorganised.”
Magistrates are investigating Mr Berlusconi for abuse of office after tapped phone conversations indicated that he had interfered to try to block his critics from appearing on talk shows and news bulletins not only on his Mediaset television network but also on programmes of RAI, the public broadcaster.
At the Rome rally, outside the Basilica of St John Lateran, Mr Berlusconi said that “leftist” judges and politicians had concocted “a laughable investigation based on the tapping of my calls.
“Do you want phone taps on everyone and everything? Do you want to be spied on in your own homes?” he asked the crowd - which roared back, “No”.
“We don't often take to the streets but it was absolutely necessary to defend ourselves from the attacks of the Left and its magistrates,” Mr Berlusconi told his supporters.
“We are here to have our right to vote guaranteed. With you, love and freedom will win.”
Ministers and PdL regional candidates attended the Rome rally. However, Gianfranco Fini, the Speaker of the Lower House and co-founder of the party - who has distanced himself from the Prime Minister and is seen as his most likely challenger - did not take part, saying that his institutional position prevented him from doing so. He is to launch a new movement in May called Generation Italy.
Italy's African HeroesBy Roberto Saviano
Op-Ed Contributor
New York Times, January 24, 2010Naples, Italy
WHEN I was a teenager here, kids used to shoot dogs in the head. It was a way of gaining confidence with a gun, of venting your rage on another living creature. Now it seems human beings are used for target practice.
This month, rioting by African immigrants broke out in Rosarno, in southern Italy, after at least one immigrant was shot with an air rifle. The riots were widely portrayed as clashes between immigrants and native Italians, but they were really a revolt against the 'Ndrangheta, the powerful Calabrian mafia. Anyone who seeks to negate or to minimize this motive is not familiar with these places where everything - jobs, wages, housing - is controlled by criminal organizations.
The episode in Rosarno was the second such uprising against organized crime in Italy in the last few years. The first took place in 2008 in Castel Volturno, a town near Naples, where hit men from the local mob, the Camorra, killed six Africans. The massacre was intended to intimidate, but it set off the immigrants' anger instead.
In Castel Volturno, the immigrants work in construction. In Rosarno, they pick oranges. But in both places the mafias control all economic activity. And the only ones who've had the courage to rebel against them are the Africans.
An immigrant who lands in France or Britain knows he'll have to abide by the law, but he also knows he'll have real and tangible rights. That's not how it is in Italy, where bureaucracy and corruption make it seem as if the only guarantees are prohibitions and mafia rule, under which rights are nonexistent. The mafias let the African immigrants live and work in their territories because they make a profit off them. The mafias exploit them, but also grant them living space in abandoned areas outside of town, and they keep the police from running too many checks or repatriating them.
The immigrants are temporarily willing to accept peanut wages, slave hours and poor living conditions. They've already handed over all they owned, risked all they had, just to get to Italy. But they came to make a better life for themselves - and they're not about to let anyone take the possibility of that life away.
There are native Italians who reject mafia rule as well, but they have the means and the freedom to leave places like Rosarno, becoming migrants themselves. The Africans can't. They have to stand up to the clans. They know they have to act collectively, for it's their only way of protecting themselves. Otherwise they end up getting killed, which happens sometimes even to the European immigrant workers.
It's a mistake to view the Rosarno rioters as criminals. The Rosarno riots were not about attacking the law, but about gaining access to the law.
There are African criminals of course, African mafiosi, who do business with the Italian mafias. An increasing amount of the cocaine that arrives here from South America comes via West Africa. African criminal organizations are amassing enormous power, but the poor African workers in Italy are not their men.
The Italian state should condemn the violence of the riots, but if it treats the immigrants as criminals, it will drive them to the mafias. After the Rosarno riots, the government moved more than a thousand immigrants to detention centers, allegedly for their own safety, and destroyed the rudimentary camp where many of them had lived. This is the kind of reaction that will encourage those immigrants to see the African criminal organizations as necessary protection.
For now, the majority resist; they came to Italy to better themselves, not to be mobsters. But if the Africans in Rosarno had been organized at a criminal level, they would have had a way to negotiate with the Calabrian Mafia. They would have been able to obtain better working and living conditions. They wouldn't have had to riot.
Italy is a country that's forgotten how its emigrants were treated in the United States, how the discrimination they suffered was precisely what allowed the Mafia to take root there. It was extremely difficult for many Italian immigrants, who did not feel protected or represented by anyone else, to avoid the clutches of the mob. It's enough to remember Joe Petrosino, the Italian-born New York City police officer who was murdered in 1909 for taking on the Mafia, to recognize the price honest Italians paid.
Immigrants come to Italy to do jobs Italians don't want to do, but they have also begun defending the rights that Italians are too afraid, indifferent or jaded to defend. To those African immigrants I say: don't go - don't leave us alone with the mafias.
Roberto Saviano is the author of “Gomorrah: A Personal Journey Into the Violent International Empire of Naples' Organized Crime System.” This essay was translated by Virginia Jewiss from the Italian.
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